To be opaque to pair production

In summary, "to be opaque to pair production" means that the universe becomes unable to produce very high-energy photons due to the absorption of cosmic infrared photons. This process prevents us from seeing extragalactic sources of multi-TeV radiation at large distances. At 100 TeV energies and higher, current telescopes do not have enough sensitivity to detect these sources or the plane of our Galaxy.
  • #1
spossatamente
15
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What does "to be opaque to pair production" mean?
(I'm talking about fireball).
I know what a pair production is but I can't get the crucial point: does it mean the photons don't collide?
If it is so that means an opaque-to-p.p.- source have a greater luminosity (emits more photons) than a non opaque source ...
but it can't be because the optical depth is usually an increasing function of the photon energy, and therefore, a large optical depth would prevent the escape of high-energy photons from the source...
 
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From : http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s9092.pdf

"Ultravioletand X-ray fluxes from compact sources are often attenuated by
photoelectric absorption from intervening neutral or ionized matter, including absorption by Milky Way gas. At TeV energies, the Ultraviolet and X-ray fluxes fromcompact sources are often attenuated by photoelectric absorption from intervening neutral or ionized matter, including absorption by Milky Way gas. At TeV energies, the universe
becomes opaque to pair production attenuation of very high-energy photons
(γ ) on cosmic infrared photons(γ')
. This process, represented by the reaction
γγ' → e+ e-
prevents us from seeing extragalactic sources of multi-
TeVradiation at distances 1 Gpc (redshifts z 0.2). The highest-energy
cosmic photon yet detected was at ≈90 TeVfrom a Milagro source [9]. At
100 TeV energies and higher, telescopes yet lack sufficient sensitivity to
detect cosmic sources or the plane of our Galaxy."


Bob S
 

1. What is "To be opaque to pair production"?

"To be opaque to pair production" refers to the property of a material or substance to be able to effectively block or absorb the production of electron-positron pairs. This process occurs when high-energy radiation, such as gamma rays, interact with matter and produce a pair of particles with opposite charges.

2. How does a material become opaque to pair production?

A material can become opaque to pair production through a variety of mechanisms. One common way is through the use of high-Z (high atomic number) elements, such as lead or tungsten, which have a greater ability to interact with high-energy radiation and produce electron-positron pairs. Other factors such as density and thickness of the material can also contribute to its opacity to pair production.

3. Why is it important for a material to be opaque to pair production?

Materials that are opaque to pair production are commonly used in radiation shielding to protect individuals and equipment from the harmful effects of high-energy radiation. They are also used in particle accelerators to contain and control the production of electron-positron pairs during experiments.

4. Can materials that are opaque to pair production also block other forms of radiation?

Yes, materials that are opaque to pair production are often also effective in blocking other types of radiation, such as X-rays and alpha or beta particles. This is because the same properties that make a material opaque to pair production, such as high density and atomic number, also make it effective in blocking other forms of radiation.

5. Are there any downsides to using materials that are opaque to pair production?

While materials that are opaque to pair production are useful in shielding against high-energy radiation, they can also absorb some of the desired radiation in certain situations, such as in medical imaging. Additionally, the dense and heavy nature of these materials can make them difficult to work with and transport.

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