What Size Bolt Do I Need for 10,000 ft/lbs of Torque on a 1.25 inch Drive Axle?

In summary: The bolt needs to be sheared to 160,000 pounds/inch square before it will shear. So a 3/8th inch bolt would need to be sheared to 4,200 pounds/inch square.
  • #1
hovercraft57
8
0
If a gas engine makes 20 hp at 3000 rpm I figure the ft/lbs of torque equals about 460.
Negating friction if the drive axle the engine turns goes 10 rpm with 20 hp the ft/lbs of torque equals about 10,000.

I was using the formula hp x 5252 divided by rpm of shaft

What I need to know if 10,000 ft/lbs is right. The drive axle has a sprocket hub with a 3/8th inch grade 8 bolt going through the hub and axle . It seems the 10,000 ft/lbs is right out of wack given the engine size.

The axle dia. is 1.25 inches so I figure the un-threaded part of the bolt would take up to 460ft/lbs of torque before shearing.
The shear on the bolt according to the chart is 80,000 pounds/inch square

Thanks ED
 
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  • #2
You might want to check your initial calculation: 20 HP @ 3000 RPM is not equivalent to 460 lb-ft of torque. If that were true, a John Deere lawn tractor would require a Chevy 454 motor to get around.
 
  • #3
20hp@3000rpm=35ft/lbs
20hp@10rpm=10,000 ft/lbs
using the formula hp x 5252 divided by rpm of shaft
Can that be right
 
  • #4
Assuming you have some sort of reduction gear between the gas engine and your drive axle, the gear ratio would be 3000/10 = 300:1. The gas engine torque required to produce 20 HP @ 3000 RPM = 35 lb-ft, therefore, the torque acting on the drive axle after the speed reduction will be 35*300 = 10,500 lb-ft torque. An axle diameter of 1.25 in seems a bit undersized, so let's check:

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/torsion-shafts-d_947.html

Max. Torque = (π/16)*σ*D[itex]^{3}[/itex]

where D is the diameter of a solid shaft,
σ is the max. shear stress of the shaft material.

Use AISI 4140 HTS steel: yield stress = approx. 700 MPa = 101.5 ksi
use 0.4*yield for max shear stress = 40.61 ksi

So, for a 1.25" OD drive axle of AISI 4140 material

Max. Torque = (π/16)*40.61*1000*1.25[itex]^{3}[/itex]
Max. Torque = 15,574 in-lbs = 1297 lb-ft

Drive torque = 10,500 lb-ft

Drive axle needs to be much bigger than 1.25 in. OD
 
  • #5
Thanks SteamKing for your response
I have been thinking about the problem for a time now and concluded the scenario is unlikely.
This contraption I want to build have 6 wheels driven on 6 separate axles (3 on one side and 3 on the other side) so it is a skid steer arrangement.
Would the drive axles only get that torque load if tires suddenly stopped rotating and could not slip while the engine was making 20hp and the axles was turning 10rpm. Thanks ED
 
  • #6
Without knowing more about the arrangement of your drivetrain, I can't say. With wheels turning at only 10 RPM, it doesn't seem like this vehicle will be going anyplace quickly.
 
  • #7
No it doesn't need to go fast. I am using it to pull a boat on rough narrow trails around Hearst Ontario Canada. Last thing I need is a collision with a tree when months could go by before seeing another person.
About 10 miles per hour is max.The drive train is like an Argo ATV which has a skid steer setup. A drive chain comes from the one side of the transmission for the left side front axle and the right side front axle is connected to the trans. again with roller chain. In other words the transmission has 2 output shafts one on the right and the other on the left.When the right side is locked up with the right brake the contraption turns to the right.
The front axle driven from the trans.,is connected to the second axle with a roller chain and the last (third axle is connected to the front axle again with roller chain.Sounds confusing but that's how it works. Thanks ED
 
  • #8
hovercraft57 said:
No it doesn't need to go fast.
[...]
About 10 miles per hour is max.

That's your problem right there. If you want to go 10 mph with a wheel turning 10 rpm, that would mean your tire is 336" in diameter !

Use these equations to find the appropriate numbers.

You will most likely need something closer to 200 rpm (at the wheel, i.e. gear ratio = 1) - which would mean a 525 lb.ft torque instead of 10 000 lb.ft.
 
  • #9
Thank You Jack Action for your valuable input.
So given the wheel is driven with a 525ft/lb torque I need to select a grade 8 bolt to use as a pin through the drive sprocket hub and 1.25 dia drive axle.
Would a 3/8th dia.grade 8 bolt be ok if the unthreaded shank part of the bolt is on the shear planes. . It would be a double shear because the bolt goes through both sides of the hub.
I figured the tensile of the bolt 150,000psi x 60% =90,000psi shear
bolt area=3.14 x .188 x .188 x90,000=10,000lbs to shear the bolt
1.25 inch axle dia.divided by 2 = .625inches to feet =.052 feet x 10,000lbs = 520 ft/lbs to shear the bolt
but because it is double shear one bolt should do it. Is that right?
 

What is torque in ft/lbs from the engine?

Torque in ft/lbs from the engine is a measure of the rotational force produced by the engine. It is typically measured in foot-pounds (ft/lbs) and is an important factor in determining the overall power and performance of the engine.

How is torque in ft/lbs from the engine measured?

Torque in ft/lbs from the engine is measured using a dynamometer, which is a device that simulates the load placed on the engine by a vehicle. The engine is connected to the dynamometer, and as it runs, the torque is measured and recorded.

What factors affect torque in ft/lbs from the engine?

There are several factors that can affect torque in ft/lbs from the engine, including the design and size of the engine, the number of cylinders, and the type of fuel used. Additionally, modifications to the engine, such as adding a turbocharger or changing the air intake, can also impact the torque output.

Why is torque in ft/lbs from the engine important?

Torque in ft/lbs from the engine is important because it is directly related to the power and performance of the vehicle. The higher the torque output, the more force the engine can produce, resulting in better acceleration and towing capabilities.

How does torque in ft/lbs from the engine compare to horsepower?

While torque in ft/lbs from the engine and horsepower are both measurements of engine performance, they represent different aspects. Torque is a measure of the engine's rotational force, while horsepower is a measure of the engine's overall power. Typically, an engine with a higher torque output will also have a higher horsepower output, but this is not always the case.

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