Understanding fortran77 syntax

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  • Thread starter draconidz
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    Fortran77
In summary, Fortran77 is a user-friendly and efficient programming language designed for scientific and engineering applications. Its syntax is unique in its use of fixed formatting and specific rules for variables and functions. The basic components of Fortran77 syntax include statements, variables, operators, control structures, and input/output functions. Variables are declared using the "DIMENSION" statement and can be easily used in code. While not as commonly used as newer languages, Fortran77 syntax can still be used in modern programming, and newer versions have been developed with added features and improvements.
  • #1
draconidz
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Homework Statement


I have two subroutine syntax program in fotran77 code, and I am stuck to understand it.
this is the first subroutine code
Fortran:
subroutine LZHES(N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX)
c
implicit real*8 (a-h,o-z)
c
complex*16 Y,W,Z,A(NA,N),B(NB,N),X(NX,N)
real*8 C,D
logical WANTX
c
NM1=N-1
DO 30 I=1,NM1
D=0.0
IP1=I+1
DO 10 K=IP1,N
Y=B(K,I)
C=dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
IF (C.LE.D) GOTO 10
D=C
II=K
10  CONTINUE
IF (D.EQ.0.0) GOTO 30
Y=B(I,I)
IF(D.LE.dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))) GOTO 15
DO 11 J=1,N
Y=A(I,J)
A(I,J)=A(II,J)
A(II,J)=Y
11  CONTINUE
DO 12 J=I,N
Y=B(I,J)
B(I,J)=B(II,J)
B(II,J)=Y
12  CONTINUE
15  DO 20 J=IP1,N
Y=B(J,I)/B(I,I)
IF (dreal(Y).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(Y).EQ.0.0) GOTO 20
DO 18 K=1,N
A(J,K)=A(J,K)-Y*A(I,K)
18  CONTINUE
DO 19 K=IP1,N
B(J,K)=B(J,K)-Y*B(I,K)
19  CONTINUE
20  CONTINUE
B(IP1,I)=(0.0,0.0)
30  CONTINUE
IF (.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 40
DO 38 I=1,N
DO 37 J=1,N
X(I,J)=(0.0,0.0)
37  CONTINUE
X(I,I)=(1.0,0.0)
38  CONTINUE
40  NM2=N-2
IF (NM2.LT.1) GOTO 100
DO 90 J=1,NM2
JM2=NM1-J
JP1=J+1
DO 80 II=1,JM2
I=N+1-II
IM1=I-1
IMJ=I-J
W=A(I,J)
Z=A(IM1,J)
IF (dabs(dreal(W))+dabs(dimag(W)).LE.dabs(dreal(Z))+
&  dabs(dimag(Z))) GOTO 50
DO 45 K=J,N
Y=A(I,K)
A(I,K)=A(IM1,K)
A(IM1,K)=Y
45  CONTINUE
DO 46 K=IM1,N
Y=B(I,K)
B(I,K)=B(IM1,K)
B(IM1,K)=Y
46  CONTINUE
50  Z=A(I,J)
IF (dreal(Z).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(Z).EQ.0.0) GOTO 58
Y=Z/A(IM1,J)
DO 52 K=JP1,N
A(I,K)=A(I,K)-Y*A(IM1,K)
52  CONTINUE
DO 54 K=IM1,N
B(I,K)=B(I,K)-Y*B(IM1,K)
54  CONTINUE
58  W=B(I,IM1)
Z=B(I,I)
IF(dabs(dreal(W))+dabs(dimag(W)).LE.dabs(dreal(Z))+
&  dabs(dimag(Z))) GOTO 70
DO 60 K=1,I
Y=B(K,I)
B(K,I)=B(K,IM1)
B(K,IM1)=Y
60  CONTINUE
DO 64 K=1,N
Y=A(K,I)
A(K,I)=A(K,IM1)
A(K,IM1)=Y
64  CONTINUE
IF (.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 70
DO 68 K=IMJ,N
Y=X(K,I)
X(K,I)=X(K,IM1)
X(K,IM1)=Y
68  CONTINUE
70  Z=B(I,IM1)
IF (dreal(Z).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(Z).EQ.0.0) GOTO 80
Y=Z/B(I,I)
DO 72 K=1,IM1
B(K,IM1)=B(K,IM1)-Y*B(K,I)
72  CONTINUE
B(I,IM1)=(0.0,0.0)
DO 74 K=1,N
A(K,IM1)=A(K,IM1)-Y*A(K,I)
74  CONTINUE
IF (.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 80
DO 76 K=IMJ,N
X(K,IM1)=X(K,IM1)-Y*X(K,I)
76  CONTINUE
80  CONTINUE
A(JP1+1,J)=(0.0,0.0)
90  CONTINUE
100  RETURN
END
and this is the second subroutine code
Fortran:
subroutine LZIT(N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX,ITER,EIGA,EIGB)
c
implicit real*8 (a-h,o-z)
c
integer ITER(N)
real*8 EPSA,EPSB,SS,R,ANORM,BNORM,ANI,BNI,C
real*8 D0,D1,D2,E0,E1
complex*16 A(NA,N),B(NB,N),EIGA(N),EIGB(N)
complex*16 X(NX,N)
complex*16 S,W,Y,Z
complex*16 ANNM1,ALFM,BETM,D,SL,DEN,NUM,ANM1M1
logical WANTX
NN=N
ANORM=0.
BNORM=0.
DO 5 I=1,N
ANI=0.
IF (I.EQ.1) GOTO 2
Y=A(I,I-1)
ANI=ANI+dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
2  BNI=0.
DO 3 J=I,N
ANI=ANI+dabs(dreal(A(I,J)))+dabs(dimag(A(I,J)))
BNI=BNI+dabs(dreal(B(I,J)))+dabs(dimag(B(I,J)))
3  CONTINUE
IF (ANI.GT.ANORM) ANORM=ANI
IF (BNI.GT.BNORM) BNORM=BNI
5  CONTINUE
IF (ANORM.EQ.0.) ANORM=1.0
IF (BNORM.EQ.0.) BNORM=1.0
EPSB=BNORM
EPSA=ANORM
6  EPSA=EPSA/2.0
EPSB=EPSB/2.0
C=ANORM+EPSA
IF (C.GT.ANORM) GOTO 6
IF (N.LE.1) GOTO 100
10  ITS=0
NM1=NN-1
11  D2=dabs(dreal(A(NN,NN)))+dabs(dimag(A(NN,NN)))
DO 12 LB=2,NN
L=NN+2-LB
SS=D2
Y=A(L-1,L-1)
D2=dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
SS=SS+D2
Y=A(L,L-1)
R=SS+dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
IF (R.EQ.SS) GOTO 13
12  CONTINUE
L=1
13  IF (L.EQ.NN) GOTO 100
IF (ITS.LT.30) GOTO 20
ITER(NN)=-1
IF (dabs(dreal(A(NN,NM1)))+dabs(dimag(A(NN,NM1))).GT.0.8*
1  dabs(dreal(ANNM1))+dabs(dimag(ANNM1))) RETURN
20  IF(ITS.EQ.10.OR.ITS.EQ.20) GOTO 28
ANNM1=A(NN,NM1)
ANM1M1=A(NM1,NM1)
S=A(NN,NN)*B(NM1,NM1)-ANNM1*B(NM1,NN)
W=ANNM1*B(NN,NN)*(A(NM1,NN)*B(NM1,NM1)-B(NM1,NN)*ANM1M1)
Y=(ANM1M1*B(NN,NN)-S)/2.
Z=CDSQRT(Y*Y+W)
IF (dreal(Z).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(Z).EQ.0.0) GOTO 26
D0=Y/Z
IF (D0.LT.0.0) Z=-Z
26  DEN=(Y+Z)*B(NM1,NM1)*B(NN,NN)
IF (dreal(DEN).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(DEN).EQ.0.0) DEN=EPSA
NUM=(Y+Z)*S-W
GOTO 30
28  Y=A(NM1,NN-2)
NUM=dCMPLX(dabs(dreal(ANNM1))+dabs(dimag(ANNM1)),dabs(dreal(Y))+
1dabs(dimag(Y)))
DEN=(1.0,0.0)
30  IF (NN.EQ.L+1) GOTO 35
D2=dabs(dreal(A(NM1,NM1)))+dabs(dimag(A(NM1,NM1)))
E1=dabs(dreal(ANNM1))+dabs(dimag(ANNM1))
D1=dabs(dreal(A(NN,NN)))+dabs(dimag(A(NN,NN)))
NL=NN-(L+1)
DO 34 MB=1,NL
M=NN-MB
E0=E1
Y=A(M,M-1)
E1=dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
D0=D1
D1=D2
Y=A(M-1,M-1)
D2=dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y))
Y=A(M,M)*DEN-B(M,M)*NUM
D0=(D0+D1+D2)*(dabs(dreal(Y))+dabs(dimag(Y)))
E0=E0*E1*(dabs(dreal(DEN))+dabs(dimag(DEN)))+D0
IF(E0.EQ.D0) GOTO 36
34  CONTINUE
35  M=L
36  CONTINUE
ITS=ITS+1
W=A(M,M)*DEN-B(M,M)*NUM
Z=A(M+1,M)*DEN
D1=dabs(dreal(Z))+dabs(dimag(Z))
D2=dabs(dreal(W))+dabs(dimag(W))
NP1=N+1
LOR1=L
NNORN=NN
IF (.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 42
LOR1=1
NNORN=N
42  DO 90 I=M,NM1
J=I+1
IF (I.EQ.M) GOTO 50
W=A(I,I-1)
Z=A(J,I-1)
D1=dabs(dreal(Z))+dabs(dimag(Z))
D2=dabs(dreal(W))+dabs(dimag(W))
IF (D1.EQ.0.0) GOTO 11
50  IF (D2.GT.D1) GOTO 60
DO 55 K=I,NNORN
Y=A(I,K)
A(I,K)=A(J,K)
A(J,K)=Y
Y=B(I,K)
B(I,K)=B(J,K)
B(J,K)=Y
55  CONTINUE
IF (I.GT.M) A(I,I-1)=A(J,I-1)
IF(D2.EQ.0.0) GOTO 65
Y=dCMPLX(dreal(W)/D1,dimag(W)/D1)/dCMPLX(dreal(Z)/D1,
&  dimag(Z)/D1)
GOTO 62
60  Y=dCMPLX(dreal(Z)/D2,dimag(Z)/D2)/dCMPLX(dreal(W)/D2,dimag(W)/D2) 
62   DO 64 K=I,NNORN
A(J,K)=A(J,K)-Y*A(I,K)
B(J,K)=B(J,K)-Y*B(I,K)
64  CONTINUE
IF (I.GT.M) A(J,I-1)=(0.0,0.0)
65  Z=B(J,I)
W=B(J,J)
D2=dabs(dreal(W))+dabs(dimag(W))
D1=dabs(dreal(Z))+dabs(dimag(Z))
IF (D1.EQ.0.0) GOTO 11
IF (D2.GT.D1) GOTO 80
DO 70 K=LOR1,J
Y=A(K,J)
A(K,J)=A(K,I)
A(K,I)=Y
Y=B(K,J)
B(K,J)=B(K,I)
B(K,I)=Y
70  CONTINUE
IF(I.EQ.NM1) GOTO 75
Y=A(J+1,J)
A(J+1,J)=A(J+1,I)
A(J+1,I)=Y
75  IF(.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 79
DO 78 K=1,N
Y=X(K,J)
X(K,J)=X(K,I)
X(K,I)=Y
78  CONTINUE
79  IF(D2.EQ.0.0) GOTO 90
Z=dCMPLX(dreal(W)/D1,dimag(W)/D1)/dCMPLX(dreal(Z)/D1,dimag(Z)/D1)
GOTO 81
80  Z=dCMPLX(dreal(Z)/D2,dimag(Z)/D2)/dCMPLX(dreal(W)/D2,dimag(W)/D2) 
81  DO 82 K=LOR1,J
A(K,I)=A(K,I)-Z*A(K,J)
B(K,I)=B(K,I)-Z*B(K,J)
82  CONTINUE
B(J,I)=(0.0,0.0)
IF (I.LT.NM1) A(I+2,I)=A(I+2,I)-Z*A(I+2,J)
IF(.NOT.WANTX) GOTO 90
DO 85 K=1,N
X(K,I)=X(K,I)-Z*X(K,J)
85  CONTINUE
90  CONTINUE
GOTO 11
100  CONTINUE
EIGA(NN)=A(NN,NN)
EIGB(NN)=B(NN,NN)
IF (NN.EQ.1) GOTO 110
ITER(NN)=ITS
NN=NM1
IF (NN.GT.1) GOTO 10
ITER(1)=0
GOTO 100
110  IF(.NOT.WANTX) RETURN
M=N
115  CONTINUE
ALFM=A(M,M)
BETM=B(M,M)
B(M,M)=(1.0,0.0)
L=M-1
IF (L.EQ.0) GOTO 140
120  CONTINUE
L1=L+1
SL=0.
DO 130 J=L1,M
SL=SL+(BETM*A(L,J)-ALFM*B(L,J))*B(J,M)
130  CONTINUE
Y=BETM*A(L,L)-ALFM*B(L,L)
IF(dreal(Y).EQ.0.0.AND.dimag(Y).EQ.0.0) Y=(EPSA+EPSB)/2.0
B(L,M)=-SL/Y
L=L-1
140  IF (L.GT.0) GOTO 120
M=M-1
IF (M.GT.0) GOTO 115
M=N
200  CONTINUE
DO 220 I=1,N
S=0.
DO 210 J=1,M
S=S+X(I,J)*B(J,M)
210  CONTINUE
X(I,M)=S
220  CONTINUE
M=M-1
IF (M.GT.0) GOTO 200
M=N
230  CONTINUE
SS=0.
DO 235 I=1,N
R=dabs(dreal(X(I,M)))+dabs(dimag(X(I,M)))
IF (R.LT.SS) GOTO 235
SS=R
D=X(I,M)
235  CONTINUE
IF(SS.EQ.0.0) GOTO 245
DO 240 I=1,N
X(I,M)=X(I,M)/D
240  CONTINUE
245  M=M-1
IF (M.GT.0) GOTO 230
RETURN
END

and the question is
I don't know exactly the subroutine doing what,
and what the subroutine output and input

Homework Equations



3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B]
I thought the first sub routine (LZHES) trying to diagonalization matrix B
and I thought the first subroutine input is
N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX
N is the size of matrix
A is the identity matrix
B is the matrix will be diagonalize
NA, NB is the size of matrix A and matrix B
WANTX is the variable to decided to diagonalize matrix or not.
and the subroutine output, I thought is B, the diagonalize matrix B.
but this subroutine when I tried to created in MATLAB code version, matrix B is not diagonalized.
and I thought this subroutine LZHES is connected to the subroutine LZIT.

and the second subroutine trying to find the eigen values of the matrix B.
I thought the first subroutine input is
N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX,ITER,EIGA,EIGB
N is the size of matrix
A is the identity matrix
B is the matrix will be diagonalize
NA, NB is the size of matrix A and matrix B
WANTX is the variable to decided to diagonalize matrix or not.
ITER is the number of the iteration
EIGA is the initialize eigen value
EIGB is the initilaize eigen value

and the output, i thought is the eigen values which is EIGA and EIGB
 
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  • #2
draconidz said:

Homework Statement


I have two subroutine syntax program in fotran77 code, and I am stuck to understand it.
this is the first subroutine code
and the question is
I don't know exactly the subroutine doing what,
and what the subroutine output and input

Homework Equations



3. The Attempt at a Solution [/B]
I thought the first sub routine (LZHES) trying to diagonalization matrix B
and I thought the first subroutine input is
N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX
N is the size of matrix
A is the identity matrix
B is the matrix will be diagonalize
NA, NB is the size of matrix A and matrix B
WANTX is the variable to decided to diagonalize matrix or not.
and the subroutine output, I thought is B, the diagonalize matrix B.
but this subroutine when I tried to created in MATLAB code version, matrix B is not diagonalized.
and I thought this subroutine LZHES is connected to the subroutine LZIT.

and the second subroutine trying to find the eigen values of the matrix B.
I thought the first subroutine input is
N,A,NA,B,NB,X,NX,WANTX,ITER,EIGA,EIGB
N is the size of matrix
A is the identity matrix
B is the matrix will be diagonalize
NA, NB is the size of matrix A and matrix B
WANTX is the variable to decided to diagonalize matrix or not.
ITER is the number of the iteration
EIGA is the initialize eigen value
EIGB is the initilaize eigen value

and the output, i thought is the eigen values which is EIGA and EIGB

An article was published in 1975 in the ACM journal Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS), as cited here:

http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=355644.355652

The original Fortran source code (with comments) for these two subroutines LZHES and LZIT can be recovered from the ACM Collected Algorithms page located here:

http://netlib.org/toms/

The subroutines are in a zip file named 496.gz on that page, which you can download for free and compare with the code from the OP.

It appears that someone copied these subroutines and clumsily stripped out any comments which would serve to inform users of these routines what their purpose and function were.

As to the other details of these algorithms, you'll have to track down the accompanying article from the TOMS journal from 1975. This journal should be available in most university libraries, or a .pdf copy can be purchased directly from the ACM using the citation above. There may be a copy floating around the internet somewhere, but I haven't looked.

Good Luck!
 

1. What is the purpose of Fortran77 syntax?

Fortran77 is a programming language that was developed for scientific and engineering applications. Its syntax is specifically designed to be user-friendly and efficient for mathematical and scientific calculations.

2. How does Fortran77 syntax differ from other programming languages?

Fortran77 uses a fixed format for code, where each line has a specific number of characters and a specific purpose. It also has its own set of rules for variable names and function calls. This differs from other languages that may use more flexible formatting and have different naming conventions.

3. What are the basic components of Fortran77 syntax?

The basic components of Fortran77 syntax include statements, variables, arithmetic and logical operators, control structures, and input/output functions. These components work together to create a program that can perform mathematical and scientific calculations.

4. How do I declare and use variables in Fortran77?

In Fortran77, variables are declared using the "DIMENSION" statement, followed by the variable name and its dimensions. For example, "DIMENSION A(10)" declares an array variable named A with 10 elements. To use a variable, you simply refer to its name in your code.

5. Can Fortran77 syntax be used in modern programming?

Yes, Fortran77 syntax can still be used in modern programming. While it may not be as commonly used as newer languages, it is still widely used in scientific and engineering applications. Additionally, newer versions of Fortran have been developed, such as Fortran 90 and 95, which use similar syntax but with added features and improvements.

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