Unification of Quantum Theory and General Relativity

In summary, the concept of a "dual" vector space reflects the relationship between row and column vectors in mathematics. This construction can be extended to infinite-dimensional spaces and has important applications in functional analysis and the Fourier transform. In the general relativistic curved spacetime, there is no preferred definition for particles and representations of canonical commutation relations are unitarily inequivalent. The solution proposed is to derive quantum theory in terms of general relativity tensors using cotangent bundles. The resultant metric spaces are diffeomorphism invariant and describe the phase space of a system. The scalar equation derived from the vacuum equation simplifies to a wave equation in four dimensions and could potentially explain the origin of reality through standing wave resonance in twistor space.
  • #1
Russell E. Rierson
384
0
Mathematically speaking, the existence of a "dual" vector
space, abstractly reflects the relationship between row
vectors (1×n) and column vectors (n×1). The construction
can also take place for infinite-dimensional spaces and
gives rise to important ways of looking at different
distributions and Hilbert space. The use of the dual space can be a characteristic of functional analysis. It is also built into the Fourier transform.


Because the tangent space and the cotangent space at a
given point are both real vector spaces of the same
dimension, they are isomorphic to each other. But they are
not "naturally isomorphic", since, for an arbitrary tangent
covector, there is no canonical tangent vector
associated with it. With the introduction of a symplectic
form, the additional structure gives a "natural
isomorphism". Longitudinal compression waves agree with
thermodynamic, and Shannon, entropies.


In the general relativistic curved spacetime, there is no
preferred definition for the concept of particles, it
seems. Representations of canonical commutation relations
will be unitarily inequivalent, correspondingly, in both
the asymptotic past and the asymptotic future, for a
"natural notion of particles", analogously to the
"infrared catastrophie" of quantum electrodynamics.

The solution?


Derive quantum theory in terms of general relativity
tensors, using cotangent bundles.


If the universe is closed, the "information" or entangled
quantum states cannot leak out of the closed system. So the
density of entangled quantum states, continually increases,
as the entropy must always increase. While to us, it is
interpreted as entropy or lost information, it is actually
recombined information, to the universe.

Shannon entropy.


What is needed is a tensor equation which is parallel to
"wave" equations described in terms of a covariant
d'Alembertian operator... An alternative description for
the general relativistic space-time continuum that allows
for parallel "compressional" waves, rather than allowing
only "transverse" waves.

Interesting...

By quantizing spacetime geometry, it seems that the
wavefunctions/waveforms aren't based on a background space.
The wavefunction space, can be thought of as the space of
square-integrable wavefunctions over classical
configuration space.

In ordinary quantum mechanics, configuration space is space
itself {i.e.,to describe the configuration of a particle,
location in space is specified}. In general relativity,
there is a more general kind of
configuration space: taken to be the space of 3-metrics
{"superspace", not to be confused with supersymmetric
space} in the geometrodynamics formulation,{or the space of
connections of an appropriate gauge group)in the
Ashtekar/loop formulation. So the wavefunctions will be
functions over these abstract spaces, not space itself--
the wavefunction/algorithm defines "space itself".


The resultant metric spaces are thus defined as being
diffeomorphism invariant. Intersecting cotangent
bundles{manifolds} are the set of all possible
configurations of a system, i.e. they describe the phase
space of the system. When the "wave-functions/forms"
intersect/entangle, and are "in phase", they are at
"resonance", giving what is called the "wave-function
collapse" of the Schrodinger equation. the action principle
is a necessary consequence of the
resonance principle.


Here is mathematician John Nash's "Einstein field equation"
where he talks about gravity "compression" waves:


http://www.stat.psu.edu/~babu/nash/intereq.pdf




Wave-Like Form of the Scalar Equation
It was discovered only recently by me that the scalar
equation naturally derived from the tensor equation for
vacuum, particularly in the case of 4 space-time
dimensions, has a form extremely suggestive
of waves. The scalar derived equation can be obtained by
formally contracting the general vacuum equation with the
metric tensor. This results at first in an equation
involving G (the scalar derived from the Einstein tensor)
and the Ricci tensor and the scalar curvature R.
And G, being the scalar trace of the Einstein tensor, can
be expressed in term of R but this expression involves the
number of dimensions, n.

[...]

And now two things are notable about the form of this
resulting scalar equation: (1): If n = 2 there is a
singularity and this simply corresponds to the fact that
the Einstein G-tensor is identically vanishing if n = 2, so
there isn't any derived scalar equation of this
type for two dimensions. (2): For n = 4 we find the nice
surprise that the scalar equation entirely simplifies and
then asserts simply that the scalar curvature satisfies the
wave operator [], (which is a d'Alembertian if we think in
terms of 3 + 1 dimensions). So the scalar equation is

[]R = 0 PROVIDED that n = 4

A phonon is a quantized mode of vibration occurring in a rigid crystal
lattice, e.g. as in an atomic lattice of a solid.


Could it be that reality surfs on the universal standing wave of
spacetime, emerging out of a "solid block" of nothingness? Standing
wave resonance i.e. "spacetime phonons". The present moment is thus
created and recreated constantly - like a continuous image…
originating deep in twistor space. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation
provides both a boundary and the fabric for a translation between
twistor[Planck scale] space and experiential reality, and it is
quantum phase compactification that provides the color electric
superconductive "bricks" for the boundary. Unstable or chaotic states
at a given level are always "compactified" (stabilized and bounded by
a finite number of eigenstates) into higher dimensions at the next
level. The organic analogues of quantum attractors are translated into
quantized fractal exitation modes onto the classical domain via
compactification, while events on the classical domain influence the
collapse or transition of these attractors on the quantum-nano level
via feedback oscillations. The state vector becomes an interactive
participant.

Background independence!

The description of any entity inside the real universe can only be
with reference to other things in the universe. Space is then
relational, and the universe, self referential. For example, if an
object has a momentum, that momentum can only be explained with
respect to another object within the universe. Space then becomes an
aspect of the relationships between things in reality.

Physicist Lee Smolin says that space becomes analogous to a sentence,
and it is absurd to say that a sentence has no words in it. So the
grammatical structure of each sentence[space] is defined by the
relationships that hold between the words in it.

For example, relationships like object-subject or adjective-noun. So
there are many different grammatical structures composed of different
arrangements of words, and the varied relationships between them.


If the universe is closed, the "information" or entangled quantum
states cannot leak out of the closed system. So the density of
entangled quantum states, continually increases, as the entropy must
always increase. While to us, it is interpreted as entropy or lost
information, it is actually recombined information, to the universe.

Since entropy can also be defined as the number of states within a
region of space, and the entropy of the universe must always
increase, the next logical step is to realize that the spacetime
density, i.e. the information encoded within a circumscribed region
of space, must be increasing in the thermodynamic direction of time.


The entropy of thermodynamics and entropy of Shannon, are equivalent
concepts, because the number of arrangements that are counted by
Boltzmann entropy reflects the amount of Shannon information needed
to implement any particular combination, or arrangement. The two
entropies also appear to have superficial differences.

Thermodynamic entropy is interpreted in units of energy divided by
temperature, while, the Shannon entropy is interpreted in terms of
dimensionless bits. This seems to point towards a computational/language or "cognitive-mind" structure for reality.



[1.] Mathematics is a meta language.

[2.] Langauge is descriptive.

[3.] Langauge must be free of contradiction. Mathematics is also
defined as a descriptive system that has "freedom from contradiction".

[4.] Mathematics describes physical existence/processes/events.

[5.] Observation is a physical process.

[6.] Mathematics describes observations.

[7.]A description of an observation must be free of
contradiction-following from [3.]

[8.] Observation must be free of contradiction.

[8.] A description is an abstract representation of a physical system.
The description must be as exact as possible.

[9.] An exact description[as an algorithmic limit] implies equivalence between abstract structures and physical[natural] systems.

[10.] If the exact description exists, then physical existence is a computational-algorithmic meta-language. A self descriptive entity, free of contradiction. The universe is equivalent to its[exact] abstract representation.
 
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  • #2
Russell E. Rierson said:
The universe is equivalent to its[exact] abstract representation.

Then please show us where can we find a Physical point that has exactly 0-dimension.
 
  • #3
Lama said:
Then please show us where can we find a Physical point that has exactly 0-dimension.

Who said the exact abstract representation must be a continuum?
 
  • #4
Quantization of space is one of the tenets of quantum loop gravity theory, which appears to be the most promising approach to unifying quantum theory with GR. I also agree defining entropy in Shannon as opposed to thermodynamic terms is more precise.
 
  • #5
Who said the exact abstract representation must be a continuum?
Can we understand that continuum is not a part of your system?
 
  • #6
Maybe relativity space does not even exist. This explains photon probability waves in a double slit experiment. The space between the slits does not exist.
 
  • #7
Lama said:
Can we understand that continuum is not a part of your system?

A wave-particle duality appears to be not exclusively continuum, and not exclusively quantum. It is a complementary logic. both continuum AND quantum.

A causally connected system with a big question mark.
 

1. What is the goal of unifying quantum theory and general relativity?

The goal of unifying quantum theory and general relativity is to create a single mathematical framework that can accurately describe and explain the behavior of all physical phenomena, from the smallest subatomic particles to the largest cosmic structures. This would provide a more complete and comprehensive understanding of the universe and its fundamental laws.

2. What are the main challenges in unifying quantum theory and general relativity?

One of the main challenges in unifying quantum theory and general relativity is the fundamental differences between these two theories. Quantum theory deals with the behavior of particles on a microscopic scale, while general relativity describes the effects of gravity on a macroscopic scale. These two theories use different mathematical frameworks and have not yet been successfully integrated.

3. Is there any evidence for the need to unify quantum theory and general relativity?

Yes, there is evidence that supports the need for a unified theory. For example, both quantum theory and general relativity are highly successful in their respective domains, but they cannot fully explain phenomena such as the behavior of black holes or the beginning of the universe. Additionally, there have been attempts to reconcile these theories, such as string theory, which suggest that a unified framework is necessary.

4. What progress has been made in unifying quantum theory and general relativity?

There have been several attempts to unify these two theories, such as string theory, loop quantum gravity, and the theory of quantum gravity. However, these attempts have not yet been fully successful and are still being developed and refined. Some promising progress has been made in certain areas, such as the prediction of the existence of the Higgs boson in the Standard Model of particle physics.

5. How would unifying quantum theory and general relativity impact our understanding of the universe?

If a successful unification of these two theories is achieved, it would greatly impact our understanding of the universe. It would provide a more complete and consistent explanation of all physical phenomena, from the smallest particles to the largest structures. It could also potentially lead to new technologies and advancements, as well as shed light on some of the biggest mysteries of the universe, such as dark matter and dark energy.

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