Uniform Circular Motion of a centrifuge

In summary, the conversation discusses the use of a centrifuge in medical laboratories to separate blood components based on density. The question asks for the number of revolutions per minute for a sample located at a certain radius, with the given centripetal acceleration being 6.43 x 10^3 times the acceleration due to gravity. The solution involves calculating the angular velocity (ω) and converting it to revolutions per minute.
  • #1
Physicsnoob90
51
0

Homework Statement



A centrifuge is a device in which a small container of material is rotated at a high speed on a circular path. Such a device is used in medical laboratories, for instance, to cause the more dense red blood cells to settle through the less dense blood serum and collect at the bottom of the container. Suppose the centripetal acceleration of the sample is 6.43 x 10^3 times as large as the acceleration due to gravity. How many revolutions per minute is the sample making, if it is located at a radius of 4.98 cm from the axis of rotation?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


1. 6.43x10^3 (9.8 m/s^2) = ω^2 (0.0498 m)

2. ω= 1124.874 rad/s * 1rev/2πrads * 60s/min = 106016.8768 rpm
 
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  • #2
ω= 1124.874 rad/s
That would be correct.
ω= 1124.874 rad/s * 1rev/2πrads * 60s/min
But that is not.
The answer is right again, but you cannot write an equal sign between two things that are not equal.
 
  • #3
But isn't the second step necessary to covert my answer to rpm?
 
  • #4
The step is necessary, but it is not necessary to make wrong equations. Calculate ω first (ω=...), then use ω in a different equation to calculate rpm.
 
  • #5
got it. Thanks!
 

What is Uniform Circular Motion?

Uniform Circular Motion refers to the motion of an object following a circular path at a constant speed. In this type of motion, the object experiences a constant centripetal acceleration towards the center of the circle.

What is a centrifuge?

A centrifuge is a machine that uses centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities or to simulate the effects of gravity. It typically consists of a rotating container or tube that spins at high speeds, causing the denser substances to move towards the outer edges while the less dense substances remain closer to the center.

How does a centrifuge work?

A centrifuge works by spinning at high speeds, causing the substances inside to experience a centrifugal force. This force pulls the denser substances towards the outer edges, where they can be collected, while the less dense substances remain closer to the center.

What factors affect the uniform circular motion of a centrifuge?

The speed of rotation, the radius of the circle, and the mass of the object being spun are the main factors that affect the uniform circular motion of a centrifuge. The higher the speed and radius, the greater the centripetal acceleration and the faster the object will move along the circular path. The mass of the object also affects the amount of force needed to maintain the motion.

What are the applications of a centrifuge?

Centrifuges are used in a variety of industries, including medicine, chemistry, and biology. They are commonly used to separate blood components, extract DNA, and purify chemicals. They are also used in the production of food and beverages, such as separating cream from milk or separating wine from sediment.

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