Velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gasses

In summary, to determine the velocity of a projectile from expanding gasses, we need to consider the energy of the propellant, the mass of the projectile, the dimensions of the cannon, and the surrounding atmospheric conditions.
  • #1
JoeSalerno
79
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I'm looking for a way to determine the velocity a projectile can reach from expanding gasses (explosion or deflagration). I'm sure there are a lot of variables in here, but for reference, we can work with the 12 pounder Napoleonic cannon. The powder burning is 2.5 pounds of black powder made up of 75% potassium nitrate, 15% softwood charcoal (carbon for our purposes), and 10% sulfur. The projectile will be a 12 pound iron sphere, with a diameter of 4.52 inches. The barrel will be 4.62 inches in diameter, and will be 66 inches long. For the surrounding atmosphere we can assume STP. Are there any other variables or aspects of the question I should mention?
 
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  • #2
In order to determine the velocity a projectile can reach from expanding gasses, we need to consider several other factors. First, we need to know the energy of the black powder. This is typically measured in terms of joules per gram. We also need to know the mass of the projectile, which will affect the amount of force that can be applied to the projectile. Additionally, we need to know the bore diameter of the cannon, as well as the barrel length, as these will determine the amount of time the propellant has to act on the projectile before it leaves the muzzle. Finally, we need to consider the atmospheric conditions, such as temperature and pressure, as these can affect the amount of energy produced by the propellant.
 

1. What is the velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases?

The velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases depends on several factors, including the pressure and temperature of the gases, the mass and shape of the projectile, and the initial conditions of the launch. It is typically calculated using the ideal gas law and other equations of motion.

2. How does the velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases compare to other launch methods?

The velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases can vary greatly depending on the specific conditions of the launch. In some cases, it may be higher or lower than other launch methods, such as a spring or compressed air launch. It is important to consider all factors when determining the most effective launch method.

3. Can the velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases be controlled?

Yes, the velocity of a projectile launched from expanding gases can be controlled by adjusting the pressure and temperature of the gases, as well as the design of the launch mechanism. This allows for precise and consistent launches for scientific experiments or other applications.

4. What safety precautions should be taken when working with expanding gases?

Working with expanding gases can be dangerous, so proper safety precautions should always be taken. This includes wearing appropriate protective gear, ensuring proper ventilation, and following all safety guidelines and protocols. It is also important to have a thorough understanding of the gases being used and their potential hazards.

5. What are some real-world applications of using expanding gases to launch projectiles?

Expanding gases have a wide range of real-world applications, including in rocket engines, firearms, airbags, and even amusement park rides. In scientific research, they can be used to simulate high-speed impacts and study the effects of extreme conditions. They are also commonly used in military and defense technologies.

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