Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) clones are small DNA fragments that are used to identify and study the genes expressed in a particular organism. They are typically derived from cDNA, or complementary DNA, which is produced by reverse transcription of mRNA. These EST clones can be used to study gene expression patterns and can also be used to create gene libraries.
2)EST clones are different from genomic DNA in that they only represent a small portion of the genome, specifically the expressed genes. Genomic DNA, on the other hand, contains all of the genetic information of an organism, including both coding and non-coding regions. EST clones are useful for studying gene expression, while genomic DNA is useful for studying the entire genome.
3)Sporadic refers to something that occurs irregularly or infrequently. In the context of genetics, sporadic mutations or diseases are those that occur randomly and are not inherited from parents. This is in contrast to hereditary mutations or diseases, which are passed down from parents to offspring.
4)Sporadic mutations are different from inherited mutations in that they are not passed down from parents. They occur randomly and may not be present in other family members. Inherited mutations, on the other hand, are passed down from parents and may be present in multiple family members.
5)Studying sporadic mutations is important for understanding the underlying causes of certain diseases and disorders. These mutations can provide insights into the genetic basis of these conditions and may also help in developing treatments or preventative measures. Additionally, studying sporadic mutations can also provide a better understanding of how genetic mutations occur and the factors that contribute to their development.