What happens to the temperature of a superconductor?

In summary: Type III superconductor.In summary, According to this paper, it is possible to switch between blue and red curve after the half cycle. However, the temperature of the superconductor drops after the cycle.
  • #1
nithinyes
15
0
TL;DR Summary
In the following setup, what would happen to the temperature of the superconductor after on cycle?
Consider the following setup:

11.png

Stationary magnet and Superconductor are fixed and Moving magnet is allowed to move freely in the horizontal direction.
Assume the superconductor as Type I superconductor.

Following figure shows the Horizontal Force acting on Moving Magnet vs Distance curve:

Screenshot 2020-10-25 at 6.34.01 PM.png

Red is when Superconductor is at temperature greater than critical temperature of superconductor (T > Tc).
Blue is when Superconductor is cooled down to a temperature less than critical temperature of superconductor (T < Tc).

Switching of superconducting state using Temperature in Meissner motor is discussed by A Takeoka et.al (1989).
Switching of superconducting state using Current Density in Superconductor actuator is discussed by Y Kim et.al (1989).

However, any device using switching of superconducting state using magnetic field is not discussed in the literature to my knowledge.

If we switch superconducting state of the superconductor from on to off, is it possible to switch from blue curve to red curve after the half cycle?

Following is an illustration of magnetic field distribution with shaded region having H > Hc:

18.png

What would happen to the temperature of superconductor after one complete cycle?
Early papers from Keesom shows the drop in temperature. Any confirmation or discussion would help.
Need understanding of complete thermodynamic cycle of the superconductor.
 
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  • #2
nithinyes said:
Following figure shows the Horizontal Force acting on Moving Magnet vs Distance curve:
That doesn't look right, in particular it should be asymmetric based on the sketch.
 
  • #3
mfb said:
That doesn't look right, in particular it should be asymmetric based on the sketch.
The figure is just for illustration. Yes, it should be asymmetric when the superconductor is in superconducting state and symmetric when it is not. Also the ends would flatten.

One can obtain these results from any commercial software, I used flux software.

The point is that the net area in both cases is zero. But the total area is greater with blue curve than red curve. Agree?
 
  • #4
nithinyes said:
The point is that the net area in both cases is zero. But the total area is greater with blue curve than red curve.
Looks plausible. The point where the force switches its sign will differ between the two scenarios.
 
  • #5
mfb said:
Looks plausible. The point where the force switches its sign will differ between the two scenarios.
Absolutely, the switching point differs.
Now, what about the thermodynamic cycle, assuming adiabatic process.
 
  • #6
nithinyes said:
Absolutely, the switching point differs.
Now, what about the thermodynamic cycle, assuming adiabatic process.
Anyone?
 
  • #7
mfb said:
Looks plausible. The point where the force switches its sign will differ between the two scenarios.
s5.png

Above are the actual results from flux software. Kindly ignore results from Type II(the model implemented is not correct)
 

1. What is a superconductor?

A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance when cooled below a certain temperature, called the critical temperature.

2. What happens to the temperature of a superconductor?

When a superconductor is cooled below its critical temperature, it undergoes a phase transition and becomes a perfect conductor of electricity with zero resistance. This means that the temperature of a superconductor remains constant, regardless of the amount of current flowing through it.

3. Why does the temperature of a superconductor remain constant?

The constant temperature of a superconductor is due to the phenomenon of superconductivity, where the electrons in the material pair up and move through the material without resistance. This pairing of electrons is only possible at very low temperatures, which is why the temperature of a superconductor must be below its critical temperature for superconductivity to occur.

4. Can the temperature of a superconductor be changed?

Yes, the temperature of a superconductor can be changed by altering the external conditions, such as applying pressure or changing the magnetic field. However, the critical temperature of a superconductor is an intrinsic property of the material and cannot be changed.

5. What happens if a superconductor is heated above its critical temperature?

If a superconductor is heated above its critical temperature, it will lose its superconducting properties and behave like a normal conductor with resistance. This is known as the Meissner effect, where the magnetic field that was previously expelled from the superconductor is now able to penetrate it.

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