What is the Force on the Bolts in a Horizontal Pipe Bend?

[fawyo1]

Homework Statement

Water flows through a horizontal 180 degrees pipe bend and ejects into the atmosphere. The pipe diameter changes from 150 mm at the entrance to 50 mm exit of the bend and the bend is attached with the main pipe by 4 bolts. If the flow rate is 60 litres/s, determine the magnitude and the direction of the force on each bolt.

Homework Equations

pressure1 x Area1 - pressure2 x Area2 + F = Mass flow rate x (velocity2 - velocity1)
Volume flow rate = velocity1 x Area1
Bernoulli's equation

The Attempt at a Solution

1648.75 Newtons per bolt. Force acting at 90 degrees to the bolt.

 

[Valkarie]

I used the equation pressure1 x Area1 - pressure2 x Area2 + F = Mass flow rate x (velocity2 - velocity1) to calculate the force on the bolt. F = 60 x 1000 x (((150/1000)^2 x 3.142)/4)^0.5 - ((50/1000)^2 x 3.142)/4)^0.5 = 1648.75 N Since the pipe is horizontal, the force will act at 90 degrees to the bolt.