A strong base is a substance that completely dissociates in water, producing a high concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) and a low concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). This results in a pH greater than 7.
The strength of a base is determined by its ability to accept protons (H+) from an acid. The stronger the base, the more readily it accepts protons and the higher its equilibrium constant (Kb) will be.
The strongest base known to science is lithium hydroxide (LiOH). It has a Kb value of 2.3 x 10^-12, making it a very strong base.
The strength of a base directly affects its reactivity. Strong bases are highly reactive and can react with acids to form water and a salt. They can also react with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas.
No, the strength of a base does not necessarily determine its level of danger. Some strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), can be extremely corrosive and dangerous if not handled properly. However, other strong bases, like calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), are commonly used in everyday products and are not considered highly dangerous.