Work is defined as the product of force and displacement in the direction of the force. In simpler terms, work is done when a force is applied to an object and causes it to move in the direction of the force.
Energy is the ability to do work. When work is done on an object, energy is transferred to that object. Similarly, when an object does work, it uses up its energy.
Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration. This energy can be released to do work. Kinetic energy, on the other hand, is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It is directly proportional to an object's mass and the square of its velocity.
Power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. It is measured in watts (W) and is equal to one joule of work per second.
Energy transformations occur when energy changes from one form to another. For example, when a battery-powered flashlight is turned on, chemical energy from the battery is converted to light energy and thermal energy. Another example is a car engine, which transforms chemical energy from gasoline into mechanical energy to make the car move.