Zero G Health Risk: Effects & Readjusting to Earth's Gravity

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In summary, long term space travel can lead to bone and muscle loss due to prolonged exposure to zero gravity. This can also result in other health issues such as vision deterioration and a weaker immune system. However, it is unclear if these effects can be fatal if a person stays in a low gravity environment for an extended period of time. So far, no deaths have been attributed to zero gravity-related effects, with all accidents being caused by malfunctions of the spacecraft.
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John Morrell
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Okay, this is a question that's always kind of bothered me. According to dozens of articles and interviews with NASA employees or professional astronomers, one of the biggest dangers of long term space travel is the bone and muscle loss. That totally makes sense; being in zero G is even worse than laying in bed for months as far as bone and muscle use is concerned. But the thing I don't get is; would that be a problem at all if we weren't planning on returning to Earth gravity? It always seems like the only danger that you incur is that you won't be able to readjust to Earth's gravity, but frankly in the long term we won't really be worrying about that because we'll have people living on Mars indefinitely.

Is that true, or are there effects that will kill you even if you stay in a low G environment?
 
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Deterioration of vision is an example that is relevant in space as well. A weaker immune system can be an issue. Generally weaker muscles and bones can be an issue as well, depending on what you do in space.
John Morrell said:
Is that true, or are there effects that will kill you even if you stay in a low G environment?
We don't know if any of the effects become fatal if you stay in space too long. So far no one died from zero-g related effects, all accidents were malfunctions of the spacecraft .
 

1. What health risks are associated with zero gravity?

Zero gravity can have negative effects on the body, such as muscle atrophy, bone loss, and fluid redistribution. These can lead to decreased muscle strength and endurance, decreased bone density, and impaired cardiovascular function. Astronauts may also experience changes in vision and changes in the immune system.

2. How does the body readjust to Earth's gravity after being in zero gravity?

When returning to Earth's gravity, astronauts may experience symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and difficulty balancing. This is due to the body's adaptation to zero gravity, which can cause changes in the inner ear and sensory systems. It may take a few days for the body to readjust and regain its normal functioning.

3. Can the effects of zero gravity be permanent?

Most of the effects of zero gravity are temporary and can be reversed with proper rehabilitation and exercise. However, some changes in bone density may be permanent and require ongoing monitoring and treatment.

4. How do astronauts maintain their health in zero gravity?

Astronauts must follow strict exercise and nutrition routines to maintain their health in zero gravity. This includes daily exercise to counteract muscle and bone loss, as well as a carefully planned diet to ensure adequate nutrient intake. They may also use specialized equipment, such as a treadmill or resistance machines, to simulate the effects of gravity.

5. Are there any potential long-term health risks associated with prolonged exposure to zero gravity?

While more research is needed, some studies have shown that prolonged exposure to zero gravity may increase the risk of certain health issues, such as cancer, heart disease, and vision problems. However, the majority of astronauts who have spent extended periods in space have not experienced any significant long-term health effects.

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