Recent content by carlos-carlos

I read that "the azimuthal drift is compromized because the typical life expectancy of ring current particles is only hours to days and thus of the same order of magnitude as the drift period". But, if it is so, why relevant current exist? How could we armonize the fact that the azimuthal drift...

Particularly I could read this sentence "In the infrared, however, the small dust grains did not act like perfect mirrors and this is what made it easy to distinguish the F-corona from the K-corona". I do not understand it. I could understand a problem in separate E corona from F corona, but K...

Let's consider a simlified ionosphere. It is a cold plasma without magnetic field and without electron-neutral collisions. The refractive index for radio waves is nf=sqrt(1-(w/wp)^2) (w is the frequency of the radiwave, wp the plasma frequency). It easy to demonstrate that the group refraction...

Thank you for your reply. Actually I am integrating the ray equation for HF radio frequency propagating in the ionosphere. The ionosphere is supposed without magnetic field and without neutral-electron collisions. Phase refractive index is n=(1-X)^0.5 where X=wp^2/w^2 (wp is plasma frequency, w...

Hi. I would like a source code to integrate the ikonal equation. I would like to compute the ray path. Of course I am able to compute the phase refractive index n(x,y). Cartesian system is preferred. Can anybody give me a suggestion? Bye, Carlos

In a continuous isotropic medium having refractive index n, (not constant) the ray path can be described by the following equation d/ds(n dr/ds)) = grad (n) with an obvious meaning of the symbols (for they who can help me!). I wrote a code to calculate the ray path. I found result...

Thank you for your answer! I have a very complicated expression for my refractive index which is frequency dependent. I fixed the mistake and now I do not have 1>ng>0 for any frequency. ng>1 in some frequency ranges, but now I get ng imaginary like ng=A*i in other frequency ranges. Besides, at...

Can the group refractive index ng be 1>ng>0 ?