Recent content by craq

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    Graduate Can Massless Objects Really Travel Faster Than Light?

    Thanks for all your replies. A couple were really enlightening. I've been through the forum now and looked at Tachyons, and a few more of the faster-than-light topics. Interesting stuff, but they don't seem to address my issue. Ok, particles with non-zero mass (real or imaginary) can't...
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    Graduate Can Massless Objects Really Travel Faster Than Light?

    As I understand it (I don't study physics) any object with mass gets heavier and heavier as it accelerates, so it never reaches c. 'Light' has no mass, but can be regarded as essentially a fluctuation in the electric/magnetic field? From the definition of c^2=1/epsilon0/mu0, I interpreted...
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    Graduate Einzel Lens Operating Principle

    I am building an ion beam, and the lens was intended to give real-time control of the beam diameter. Snell-Descartes is an interesting idea, possibly it solves much faster, but I can't immediately see how to code it. My goal was to visualise particle trajectories, so I find the acceleration...
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    Graduate Einzel Lens Operating Principle

    Hi, this was just for a one-off design, so I had a look at the Simion demo but decided to write it myself in Matlab. Oversimplifying for a second, its just solving the Laplace equation to give the potential distribution and then the Lorentz equation for the motion of the particles (later in the...
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    Graduate Einzel Lens Operating Principle

    Ok, I figured it out... just needed to let the laplace solver run to a few (thousand) more iterations to get a better solution for the voltage profile. My initial conditions are V=0 and the centre of the cylinder stayed pretty close to 0, giving a radially inwards electric field everywhere...
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    Graduate Einzel Lens Operating Principle

    I'm trying to design an Einzel lens to focus an ion beam. The literature seems pretty consistent that the beam diverges in the first gap and converges in the second gap. (Gaps are between the three electrodes.) What I don't understand is that the potential is lowest at the centre of a...