What is the mechanism for explaining the different effect of repulsion and also attraction due to the exchange of virtual photons in the electromagnetic forces?
For example, the electrostatic force between two point charges, for both when they are oppositely charged and like charged?
Say there is are three hypothetical infinite parallel planes with charges on it. So let's imagine the three planes from left to right, or planes one, two and three.
Plane-three is fixed to the reference frame. Plane-one and plane-two have a fixed separation distance between each other, but...