Does Earth's Rotation Impact Airplane Travel and Space Launches?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the impact of Earth's rotation on airplane travel and space launches. Participants explore whether airplanes consider the Earth's rotational speed in their operations and how this affects fuel efficiency and flight paths, as well as the implications for space launches.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if airplanes account for Earth's rotation to reduce engine power requirements when flying in the direction of the rotation.
  • Another participant argues that the atmosphere moves with the Earth, suggesting that the Earth's rotational speed does not significantly affect airplane travel, though the jet stream may provide some advantage for air travel from West to East.
  • A different viewpoint states that the same reasoning applies to throwing a ball, implying that the Earth's rotation is not a factor in typical flight operations.
  • One participant asserts that there is no altitude at which airplanes can take advantage of Earth's rotation due to the atmosphere being attached to the Earth.
  • Another participant suggests that flying over the northern pole may provide advantages for some flights, but later clarifies that this is due to the shortest path rather than the Earth's rotation.
  • In contrast, a participant notes that space launches do utilize Earth's rotation, explaining that spaceports are strategically located near the equator to maximize this effect.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether Earth's rotation impacts airplane travel, with some asserting it does not while others suggest it may have implications for space launches. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific effects on airplane travel.

Contextual Notes

Some claims depend on the definitions of "flying" and the altitude at which aircraft operate. The relationship between the jet stream and the Coriolis force is mentioned but not fully explored. The discussion does not resolve the extent to which Earth's rotation affects flight dynamics.

rock.freak667
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If the Earth spins at a very fast rate (tis like 300km/s or something like that I think) do Aeroplanes take this into account and by that do I mean if they move in the direction of the Earth's rotation to decrease the power required by the engines to produce the required speed.
 
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Not to first order, because the atmosphere moves at about the same speed as the earth. The high altitude "jet stream" moves at ~100 mph from West to East, so that air travel is faster from West to East. The jet stream is probably related to the Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation. Satellites are launched over the sea from Florida to take advantage of the ~800 mph velocity of the Earth.
 
Or, no for the same reason you don't take it into account when throwing a ball.
 
So they don't because planes don't fly high enough to take advantage of the Earth's rotation?
 
There is no such thing as flying high enough to take advantage of the Earth's rotation. The atmosphere is basically attached to the earth, so you either fly in it or you fly out of it. If you fly in it, you don't take advantage of the Earth's rotation, if you fly out of it (which isn't really flying anymore) you do.
 
But flying over the northern pole area of the globe (for Northern Hemisphere flights) does have an advantage for some flights, no?
 
berkeman said:
But flying over the northern pole area of the globe (for Northern Hemisphere flights) does have an advantage for some flights, no?

That's just because it it the shortest path. That has nothing to do with rotation.
 
On the other hand, space launches do utilize the effect. That's why spaceports are located as close as possible to the equator.
 

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