Japan Earthquake: Nuclear Plants at Fukushima Daiichi

[MadderDoc]

<..>
http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/pdf/120528/120528_02z.pdf Check of soundness of new fuel (unirradiated fuel) in unit 4 spent fuel pool<..>

I wonder what kind of sick paranoia has led to the blocking out of the rack number in the photo on page 5 of that document.
(It is rack number 26, if someone should want to know.)

 

[tsutsuji]

The 6th mid long term meeting was held yesterday: http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/20120528_02.html

28 May 2012 government-Tokyo Electric mid and long term response committee, steering committee (6th meeting)
...

3-5 Countermeasures for spent fuels pools
http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/pdf/120528/120528_02z.pdf Check of soundness of new fuel (unirradiated fuel) in unit 4 spent fuel pool

Translation:

1/8

2/8

3/8

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

4/8

5/8

6/8

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

7/8

8/8

 

[westfield]

They are from the west wall of the pool, 4th floor, the same wall section which the recent announcement is showing a lower portion of in a sharp angle, the photo bottom right in
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-e4hpgfA9W...jMc2lWo/s1600/fukushimareactor4SFPMay25-7.JPG

(The photos are from the original survey of Unit 4 damages done in Nov. 2011, source:
http://photo.tepco.co.jp/en/date/2011/201111-e/111110_01e.html)

Perhaps I'm being too finiky but the images from 2011 don't quite show the "west wall" of the SFP as such.

The 2011 images cover the areas marked in green here.

 

[westfield]

Thanks for the link. Does anyone know what the vertical orange "thing" in the unprocessed image is? The processed image doesn't have such an artifact. What kind of processing is done anyway? Adjustment for the distance of the radiation source from the camera?

I don't know what the artifact is but the "unprocessed" & "processed" images are framed differently so perhaps not even the same actual image. The second pair look like they ARE the same image, pre and post processing.

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushi...20525_06-e.pdf

 

[westfield]

I of course agree on all points above. So there's a document which includes photos for apparent documentation which are totally unsuitable as evidence for or against cracks in the context of the inquiry, but it is perfectly alright with Tepco if the reader will conclude from looking at the photos that there are no cracks there at all. In fact that appears to be the intention of the document. I am not worried about that crack, but I don't like to be bs'ed.

On the other hand, the possible crack we have observed in the 2011 images could be easily misconstrued so tepco kept it out of frame as it's not relevant to the SFP wall as such. That the possible crack we have seen is closer to the PCV than the SFP is another thing.

Edit: Of interest perhaps is that the translation I got may not be correct but the Japanese Tepco document is talking about "local bulges". not cracks.

 

[MadderDoc]

Perhaps I'm being too finiky but the images from 2011 don't quite show the "west wall" of the SFP as such.

The 2011 images cover the areas marked in green here.
http://i1185.photobucket.com/albums/z360/fukuwest/misc/u4sfpwalls.png

Well, whatever the terminology, the 2011 photos are of the same wall section as shown in the bottom right photo in the recent Tepco announcement:

 

[westfield]

Something is necessary to explain the particular damages of the SE corner of the roof.

Did anyone suggest that the extensive damage might be due to the debris falling from the explosion, a lot of which seemed to fall on the SE corner of the RB?
Or is this a different aspect of the damage we are talking about?

Marked video clip

 

[MadderDoc]

Did anyone suggest that the extensive damage might be due to the debris falling from the explosion, a lot of which seemed to fall on the SE corner of the RB?
Or is this a different aspect of the damage we are talking about?

Marked video clip

I don't remember anyone suggesting that, but I've had the thought myself, however I left it at the wayside, as it did not appear to me to be sufficient to explain those extensive damages. It would seem weird to assume the fire phenomenon of that corner didn't leave its special marks of damage, as weird as assuming that tons of debris hitting the area from aloft seconds later didn't add to it.

 

[westfield]

Most video footage of the explosion which have been or remain still available have been quite unfortunately re-sampled and re-compressed from an original 50Hz interlaced TV recording, to e.g. the commonly found 29.968fps on youtube. Unavoidably such a conversion produces horrible artefacts, and comes with loss and blending of the original information.

From a short lineage recording of an original TV broadcast, it has been possible to produce this http://www.gyldengrisgaard.eu/fuku_docs/unit3cloud50fps/ . Since the original is 50 Hz interlaced, utilising both fields yields a temporal resolution of 50 fps, or 20 milliseconds per frame. You won't find this better anywhere else on internet :-)

Those of you who have taken special interest in the explosion will note particularly the extra temporal resolution at around the time of the first signs of something happening with the building.

That shows even better that little puff of white coming out of the SE corner before the orange colour of the initial explosion. nicely done.
Makes me wonder of any of that "flame" was actually inside the RB as it disassemled itself.

 

[zapperzero]

I wonder what kind of sick paranoia has led to the blocking out of the rack number in the photo on page 5 of that document.
(It is rack number 26, if someone should want to know.)

The real paranoids are going to have a field day if they get a hold of this one. "The fuel rack that shouldn't have been there!"

 

[MadderDoc]

On the other hand, the possible crack we have observed in the 2011 images could be easily misconstrued so tepco kept it out of frame as it's not relevant to the SFP wall as such.

Yeah, right. And they downsampled the photo such as to not confuse people with minor details. Saltwater in my eyes.

Speaking of details, what would be the nature of the white stains running down that part of the wall below the crack above them in the photo from the 2012 announcement? There are no stains visible in the 2011 photo of the same spot:

That the possible crack we have seen is closer to the PCV than the SFP is another thing.

Well, that depends on which end of the crack we are looking at. It is about 7 m long, and the south end of it is definitely closer to the SFP than it is to the PCV.

 

[Uagrepus]

Did anyone suggest that the extensive damage might be due to the debris falling from the explosion, a lot of which seemed to fall on the SE corner of the RB?
Or is this a different aspect of the damage we are talking about?

Marked video clip

Different aspect, not impossible. Some indications:

The holes in the turbine-building can't be from columns of the east-wall, because all of them are found in place or a few meters around.

 

[MadderDoc]

The real paranoids are going to have a field day if they get a hold of this one. "The fuel rack that shouldn't have been there!"

Grin. Here's the number tag, Tepco does not want you to see:

 

[biggerten]

I wonder what kind of sick paranoia has led to the blocking out of the rack number in the photo on page 5 of that document.
(It is rack number 26, if someone should want to know.)

Perhaps they're trying to avoid suggesting that that is the particular rack in question. In other words, the picture is an example, but they may pick a different rack - it seems they don't know for sure how many they are going to sample, even.

 

[MadderDoc]

Unit 4 SFP (was...)

Perhaps they're trying to avoid suggesting that that is the particular rack in question. In other words, the picture is an example, but they may pick a different rack - it seems they don't know for sure how many they are going to sample, even.

I think they have been clear about their intention to remove 2 new fuel assemblies from a rack, and to remove them from positions where an unintentional drop during the operation has low probability of damaging close by spent fuel assemblies. It is not credible that they haven't picked their favoured target positions.

 

[SteveElbows]

Speaking of details, what would be the nature of the white stains running down that part of the wall below the crack above them in the photo from the 2012 announcement? There are no stains visible in the 2011 photo of the same spot:

Previous white stains or liquid on some stuff in the upper parts of reactor 4 were very likely the anti-scatter material that they sprayed all over that and some other buildings last year. But I am unsure if this is the explanation in this case, since I don't know when the 2011 photo was taken.

 

[MadderDoc]

Previous white stains or liquid on some stuff in the upper parts of reactor 4 were very likely the anti-scatter material that they sprayed all over that and some other buildings last year. But I am unsure if this is the explanation in this case, since I don't know when the 2011 photo was taken.

It is from the package released on Nov 10th, in which all photos according to Tepco were taken on November 8th. However some of the photos in the package have EXIF date October 5th, and some of them appear to have been cropped/ downsampled, as is the case with this one, and the EXIF date has been lost.

 

[MadderDoc]

Reactor 3 TIP room investigation

I see the reactor 3 TIP room investigation was a bit of a failure, due to door etc debris.

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120524_06-e.pdf

Given that a human was able to visually inspect one part of the room, I am less than impressed about a lack of photo of this area. It makes me curious about the nature of any debris inside the room.

Now I wonder what that recent investigation was really about. Tepco would have known for more than a year, since the first robot expedition to the area, that the entrance to the TIP room was blocked, so that a robot would not be able to enter. Indeed the new video indicates that a large object close to the entrance to the TIP room has been moved, so there have been humans at the spot too since then. So why make an effort to 'rediscover' that the entrance is blocked, rather than make an effort to unblock it -- which would seem the rational thing to do, if one _really_ would like to inspect the room? And as you mention, weirdly there is apparently not even a photo of the room to show from the latest mission. Was it all just a stunt?

 

[tsutsuji]

This is a document from one month ago :

The 5th mid long term meeting : http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/20120423_02.html
...
3-1 Cooling by closed loop water injection

http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/pdf/120423/120423_02g.pdf Report on the results of mock-up tests for the purpose of installing alternative RPV thermometers

( See also my translation of the 1 March 2012 report on the same topic (alternative thermometer insertion) : https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3795578&postcount=12465 part 1, https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3796935&postcount=12485 part 2, https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3799356&postcount=12492 part 3)

Translation:

1/12

2/12

3/12

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

4/12

5/12

6/12

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

7/12

8/12

9/12

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

10/12

11/12

12/12

 

[MadderDoc]

Seaside construction work

What are those big dark structures that have been raised on the seaside of Unit 2 turbine building?

 

[MadderDoc]

Assuming the TIP room door was hinged normally at the time of the earthquake, how would it have been possible to have the door closed,
considering Tepco apparently for some reason had placed a reddish beam along the ceiling protruding out through the doorway?

 

[Tepconium-311]

Of interest perhaps is that the translation I got may not be correct but the Japanese Tepco document is talking about "local bulges". not cracks.

Yeah, right. And they downsampled the photo such as to not confuse people with minor details. Saltwater in my eyes.

Speaking of details, what would be the nature of the white stains running down that part of the wall below the crack above them in the photo from the 2012 announcement? There are no stains visible in the 2011 photo of the same spot:
(photo here)

Well, that depends on which end of the crack we are looking at. It is about 7 m long, and the south end of it is definitely closer to the SFP than it is to the PCV.

Looking at Tepco photo page of Nov 10, 2011
(Sorry, physicsforums does not allow me to include source links).

First observation. Floor 5 has been lifted up.
111110_03.jpg

Thus bars carrying floor 5 must have severed a little bit from pillars/walls and displaced slightly.
Proof (look upper right part, see also cracks propagating from bulging):
111110_06.jpg

This lifting up of the floor apparently created a bulging propagating from bulging seen in pic above.
111110_12.jpg

Maybe "cracking" and "bulging" are to be interpreted synonymously to some extent?

 

[Yamanote]

I also don't understand this TIP room story.

First they say the door is closed, then they suddenly discover that it is blown away. How come?

 

[etudiant]

We are again in debt to Tsutsuji-san for his continuing work in keeping this forum informed about the details of TEPCO's clean up effort.
It seems that there is a very large and well analysed push under way to allow TEPCO to make some visible headway with the cleanup. Presumably the entire Japanese nuclear community is dedicating resources towards that goal, if only to avoid the nuclear exit embraced for the moment by Germany and advocated by Mr Kan.
The scale of the work visible on the site and the detail planning shown in the documents Tsutsuji-san has unearthed suggest a 'no expense spared' program. That would seem to require confidence that the situation is reasonably stable and fairly well understood.
Yet the public posture and the discussions still center on a near bankrupt TEPCO and a very limited level of outside disclosure about a situation perceived to be tenuous.
It is hard to reconcile these two perspectives.

 

[tsutsuji]

The 6th mid long term meeting was held yesterday: http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/20120528_02.html

28 May 2012 government-Tokyo Electric mid and long term response committee, steering committee (6th meeting)

...

3-1 Cooling by closed loop water injection

...

http://www.meti.go.jp/earthquake/nuclear/pdf/120528/120528_02h.pdf Results of the surveys on location concerning the environment improvement for the purpose of installing alternative thermometers in unit 2's RPV.

See also on the same topic (alternative thermometer insertion) : my translation of the 1 March 2012 report ( https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3795578&postcount=12465 part 1, https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3796935&postcount=12485 part 2, https://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=3799356&postcount=12492 part 3) and of the 23 April report just above ( https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=3939578#post3939578 )

See also the videos:

http://photo.tepco.co.jp/en/date/2012/201206-e/120601_02e.html "Decontamination around the truck bay door at Unit 2, Fukushima Daiichi NPS" (released on 1 June 2012)

http://photo.tepco.co.jp/en/date/2012/201206-e/120601_01e.html "Mock-up test to check the insertability of the alternative thermometer at Unit 2" (released on 1 June 2012)

Translation:

1/10

2/10

3/10

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

4/10

5/10

6/10

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

7/10

8/10

9/10

 

[tsutsuji]

Translation:

10/10

 

[MadderDoc]

What are those big dark structures that have been raised on the seaside of Unit 2 turbine building?

Earlier this year, a similar structure existed on the seaside of the unit 1 turbine building (see below), however that construction site appears in the more recent photo above to be back levelled. This would seem to indicate these structures may be only temporary covers for some ground work.
http://gyldengrisgaard.eu/fuku_docs/r4897_39_satellite-image-fukushima-2012-xl-2_detail.jpg

Might this activity be about blocking outflow of high radiation level water through trenches, and from pipes from the backwash pits?

http://gyldengrisgaard.eu/fuku_docs/trenches_thumb.jpg
http://gyldengrisgaard.eu/fuku_docs/trenches.png

 

[MadderDoc]

It is disconcerting to see in the latest helicopter footage that there has been so little apparent progress at the seaside of the plant. The building of the temporary tidal barrier seems to have come to a halt at Unit 4, and there is no indication of any progress of the steel pile barrier, the start of construction of which in the seafront of Unit 4 was announced many months ago. (If I understand the mid-term plan it is to not have a water tight barrier in place at the sea front before until some time in 2014, at the earliest).

http://gyldengrisgaard.eu/fuku_docs/daiichi-12-0528-01-hr_thumb.jpg The minimal work visible on the site as regards mitigation against emissions to the ocean and the apparent lack of detailed planning suggest a 'don't rush things' program, indicating that the measures against ocean emission are still pretty much ad hoc and the situation not yet under control. Yet the corporate posture is that emission to the ocean is something to be avoided at all costs, unless in situations of utmost necessity. It is not easy to reconcile these two perspectives.

 

[rmattila]

I updated the tables concerning Cs activities of the water at the treatment facilities. The activities seem to have dropped by about a decade in 9 months.

 

[tsutsuji]

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120605_03-e.pdf "Unit 4 Spent Fuel Pool Alternative Cooling System Secondary System Circulation Pump (A) Situation of the Burnt Area Near the Motor Terminal Housing"

http://www.tepco.co.jp/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120605_04-j.pdf At 20:03 on 4 June unit 4 SFP had an "airfin cooler panel alarm" ringing, and it was found that secondary circuit pump A had tripped with some traces of burning on the pump's terminal box. Pump B was started at 20:27. At 10:30 on 5 June, pump B was shut down in order to perform an inspection. As the pool temperature is expected to rise by 0.3 °C/hour, this is not considered as being a problem for pool temperature control.

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/genpatsu-fukushima/20120606/index.html Unit 4 SFP temperature reached 42°C at 5 PM on 6 June. As Tepco found a malfunction in the connecting part between motor and cable [that must be the terminal box] of the backup pump [that must be pump B] as well, they made repairs and restarted the pump after 6 PM, and the pool is being cooled again. Tepco explains: "as the pool is further cooled, the temperature might drop by 10°C in half or in one day".

http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/genpatsu-fukushima/20120605/index.html The final version of Tepco's internal investigation report, which must be released this month, is nearly finished. [ The 2 December version was an "interim report"]. Against the cabinet investigation committee's accusation of mismanagement of the situation at units 1 and 3, it argues　in defence for example that "responding was actually difficult". However the report recognizes about unit 1, that there was not enough training to cope with blackouts. About unit 3, against the cabinet investigation committee report's claim that "the risk of running out of batteries had been minimized, which led to the water injection failure", Tepco's report says "as there was a worry that the water injection equipment was damaged, it was necessary to shut it down early".

 

[SteveElbows]

It is disconcerting to see in the latest helicopter footage that there has been so little apparent progress at the seaside of the plant.

Which helicopter footage is that? Cheers.

 

[HowlerMonkey]

The white stuff may be the salt left behind by the many thousands of gallons of seawater that were sprayed willy nilly about the place.

 

[MadderDoc]

Which helicopter footage is that? Cheers.

I've posted a few of the air photos that have been published from end of May, also there is this live footage produced from the Asahi Shimbun helicopter..

 

[MadderDoc]

I updated the tables concerning Cs activities of the water at the treatment facilities. The activities seem to have dropped by about a decade in 9 months.

That is a quite impressive reduction. Have you done some thought as to where all that radioactivity has gone? Last time I read something about the status, as I recall, they had treated about 135000 cubic meters of contaminated water.

 

[MadderDoc]

The white stuff may be the salt left behind by the many thousands of gallons of seawater that were sprayed willy nilly about the place.

I suppose it could be salt. Also it might be an effect of general soluble mineral transport by incoming rainwater; the cracked wall section is facing west and the ceiling above it has been blown away, so it is actually quite exposed to the weather.

 

[Tepconium-311]

I also don't understand this TIP room story.

First they say the door is closed, then they suddenly discover that it is blown away. How come?

Tepco is innocent.
The whole thing is haunted.
Even containment equipment hatch doors swing open and close at will.

I suppose it could be salt. Also it might be an effect of general soluble mineral transport by incoming rainwater; the cracked wall section is facing west and the ceiling above it has been blown away, so it is actually quite exposed to the weather.

Sands used for construction is usually washed in water before usage to avoid soluble and organic contents.
So it is cement salts and/or seawater salts.
Quantity indicates deep concrete cracks.

 

[Rive]

Yeah, right. And they downsampled the photo such as to not confuse people with minor details. Saltwater in my eyes.

Speaking of details, what would be the nature of the white stains running down that part of the wall below the crack above them in the photo from the 2012 announcement? There are no stains visible in the 2011 photo of the same spot:[/PLAIN]

There are stains on the 2011 photo:
https://www.physicsforums.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=48104&stc=1&d=1339053367

I think it's not salt. As I know the top level of U4 were not 'sprayed': even the first attempts to fill the pool were more or less accurate (with the concrete pump).

What about mud/dust (carried by rainwater)?

Check the pipe in the right-bottom corner:
http://cryptome.org/2012-info/daiichi-12-0526/pict6.jpg

Top of the equipment racks on the right:
http://cryptome.org/2012-info/daiichi-12-0526/pict8.jpg

Top of the machinery (2TON) on the right:
http://cryptome.org/2012-info/daiichi-12-0526/pict7.jpg

COncrete walkway on the right:
http://cryptome.org/2012-info/daiichi-12-0526/pict16.jpg

 

[rmattila]

That is a quite impressive reduction. Have you done some thought as to where all that radioactivity has gone? Last time I read something about the status, as I recall, they had treated about 135000 cubic meters of contaminated water.

In Dec 13., it was stated that 189 610 tons would have been treated (http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/f1/images/f12np-gaiyou_e_2.pdf , page 12). Assuming a constant rate of 500 tons per day since then, the current amount would be around 280 000 t.

If the average Cs-137 concentration would have been around 1e5 Bq/cm3, the filters would now contain some 140 PBq of Cs-137, i.e. about 15 - 25 % of the entire initial inventory of cores 1-3.

 

[SteveElbows]

I've posted a few of the air photos that have been published from end of May, also there is this live footage produced from the Asahi Shimbun helicopter..

Thanks, will check it out.

And so many thanks to Tsutsuji for the brilliant document translations, highly appreciated.

Now then, I guess they must have gained entry to reactor 3 torus room because this document which shows their effort to measure water levels of these areas in reactors 2 & 3 has some photos from 3:

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120607_02-e.pdf

 

[turi]

[...]
Now then, I guess they must have gained entry to reactor 3 torus room because this document which shows their effort to measure water levels of these areas in reactors 2 & 3 has some photos from 3:

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120607_02-e.pdf

Interesting times. A year ago I wouldn't have expected to see people entering the torus rooms of units 2 and 3 by now.

 

[tsutsuji]

http://jiji.com/jc/c?g=soc_30&k=2012060700959 unit 2 & 3 torus rooms were inspected on 6 June. No damage or deformation found. They have not found the leakage points either.

http://www.47news.jp/CN/201206/CN2012060701002039.html accumulated water depth in unit 2: 5.3 m ; unit 3: 5.4 m.

 

[zapperzero]

http://www.47news.jp/CN/201206/CN2012060701002039.html accumulated water depth in unit 2: 5.3 m ; unit 3: 5.4 m.

I wonder if it's a coincidence (probably not). One could maybe look at existing penetrations which are near that level, for likely candidates. In any case, the water looks much cleaner than before.

 

[MadderDoc]

<..> I guess they must have gained entry to reactor 3 torus room because this document which shows their effort to measure water levels of these areas in reactors 2 & 3 has some photos from 3:

http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/nu/fukushima-np/images/handouts_120607_02-e.pdf

Yes indeed, some of the water level measuring positions would seem to imply that a person must enter the torus room, at least ever so slightly. http://photo.tepco.co.jp/en/date/2012/201206-e/120607_02e.html appear to have been taken by a robot of the same type that showed us the Unit 2 catwalk. The amount of stray gamma captured by the CCD inside the torus room of Unit 3 seems pretty high.