I'm reading a maths book called Thomas Calculus and in their method for getting the average speed of an object when only the height its dropped from is known is this formula here which they call Galileos law: y = 16t^2
y being the distance travelled after time. What I don't get is where they get the 16 from. All they say about it is "where 16 is the constant of proportionality". Where did they get this constant of proportionality from and does this 16 apply to all falling object scenarios?
The general form would be y = .5at^2, where a is the acceleration. The acceleration due to gravity (free fall) is 32 feet/sec^2. So the formula you have been given is for time in seconds and distance in feet, when dropping an object from a height (not too large, since "a" will depend on height) above the surface of the earth.
And if you're reading a calculus problem, the time derivative of that position would give you which is obviously your speed at any given time, t, given a constant acceleration, a, if begun at rest.
