Potential energy of solids in tension question

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the confusion surrounding the potential energy of solids under tension and compression, particularly in relation to Hooke's Law. The user grapples with the concept that while stretching a material increases potential energy, the graph suggests that potential energy can also reach zero during compression. This indicates a misunderstanding of the relationship between interatomic forces and potential energy in solids. The key takeaway is that potential energy behaves differently under tension and compression, and the bonds in a material can break under both conditions, leading to zero potential energy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Hooke's Law
  • Familiarity with interatomic potential energy concepts
  • Basic knowledge of solid mechanics
  • Graph interpretation skills in physics
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  • Research the relationship between potential energy and interatomic forces in solids
  • Study the implications of Hooke's Law in material science
  • Explore the effects of tensile and compressive forces on material properties
  • Learn about the failure mechanisms in materials under stress
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Physics students, materials scientists, and engineers interested in understanding the mechanical properties of solids and the behavior of materials under stress.

beckett
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Hi folks and happy new year,

As usual i have been leafing through some old physics books and have stumbled across something that has confused me, wonder if you can help. Having looked at a 'classical' graph of interatomic potential energy against distance within a solid and how it relates to hookes law etc i realize that it doesn't completely make sense to me:


potential
|
| x
| x
| x
| x
| x
|----x(0)-------------------x(0)--------- distance
| x xxxxxxxxxx
| x xxx
| x x
| x x
| x
|
|

From this poor representation the book described the fact that when the material is placed in tension, eventually the bonds break and there is zero potential. This makes sense. What is confusing me is when i imagine the material being placed in compression because according to the graph it suggests that by doing this you can also reach zero potential. The more i think about this the more i get confused. If i imagine stretching a piece of elastic, the potential energy must increase as the graph suggests but at the same time it tends towards zero i.e the elastic snaps?? Please help me here or am i being really stupid??
 
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Sorry folks, looks like the ASCII art didn't come out as i had drawn it. Have a look at the attached image if your interested, cheers.
 

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