Does the human eye have limitations on detecting black surfaces?

  • Context: High School 
  • Thread starter Thread starter alchemist
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Reflection Surfaces
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the limitations of the human eye in detecting black surfaces, particularly focusing on the nature of black surfaces, their reflective properties, and how these relate to human perception. It includes theoretical considerations and conceptual clarifications regarding light absorption and reflection.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that a perfectly flat black surface would reflect no light and be essentially invisible, but such a surface is unattainable.
  • Others argue that glossy black surfaces can reflect light at certain angles, suggesting that polishing a black surface can allow it to reflect like a mirror.
  • A participant questions how a perfectly black surface could become invisible, seeking clarification on whether it would be transparent.
  • Another participant clarifies that while no light may be received from a perfectly black surface, the brain would still interpret the absence of light as "black."
  • One participant mentions that the closest approximation to a perfect black surface is achieved with special paint, which absorbs about 97-98% of light.
  • Another viewpoint suggests that nothing can be perfectly black, except for black holes, and that black objects may emit infrared light when heated, which is not visible to the human eye.
  • There is a discussion about the perception of blackness, with one participant noting that the human eye has limitations in processing certain wavelengths, particularly at the lower end of the visible spectrum.
  • A later reply emphasizes that things can appear perfectly black to the human eye due to a lower limit of photon detection by the retina.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express multiple competing views regarding the nature of black surfaces and their visibility, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved. There is no consensus on the definitions and implications of "blackness" and its perception.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on definitions of "black" and "invisibility," as well as the unresolved nature of how light interacts with various surfaces and the thresholds for human perception.

alchemist
Messages
50
Reaction score
0
black surfaces apparently absorbs all light, that's why it appears black, but does it ever reflect light off its surface?
what if its a polished black suface..we could actually see our own reflection on these surfaces.. so is there light being reflected at all? is there any difference from the usual reflection?
 
Science news on Phys.org
Something perfectly flat black will reflect no light at all and would essentially be invisible. Such a surface is simply unattainable.

The difference between glossy and flat is that glossy reflects light more or less at the macroscopic angle of incidence. So since no black surface will ever be perfect, they can be polished to reflect like a mirror.
 
Last edited:
How does a perfectly black surface become 'invisible'. Are you suggesting that it becomes transparent? I thought it would still be black.
 
I think he means that your eyes will receive no light coming from there, which is true. However, as you say, your brain will clearly distinguish that pattern in your retina and label it as "black", which means that you will "see" it.
 
i believe the closest attained [by a special paint] was something like 97 or 98%...pretty damn close, but not quite there yet
 
In a broader sense, nothing is 'black', nor can anything be perfectly black (except for black holes). If an object absorbs light, it will get a little hotter, and so it will emit a little more in the infrared (this is a simplification). If our eyes could 'see' IR, we may find that 'black' objects were actually among the brightest objects!
 
If I recall it properly, the reason why you see "Black" is really because your retinas cannot process (see) a certain color (wavelength) of Violet, at the bottom end of the visible light scale...

Then again, it is a bit like looking up at the night sky (away from cities where you could see those old fashioned things called "Stars") inasmuch as, you think, in your mind, that you see the "inky blackness of outer space", and you have fooled yourself completely! as what you are looking at is chock a block FULL of light, just that, you cannot see light, you only 'see' light when reflecting/interacting off/with a surface...light, when in motion, is completely invisible!

(If you doubt that, just look at/in the space between the lamp and the table...you do not see the light travelling!)
 
Originally posted by Nereid
In a broader sense, nothing is 'black', nor can anything be perfectly black (except for black holes).

Even black holes have Hawking Radiation, but it's effectively black.

Things can look perfectly black to the human eye even if they are not truly black because there is a lower limit for photons hitting the retina for it to register.
 
Welcome to Physics Forums Iron Sun X!

Did you take the solar eclipse photo in your avatar?
Iron Sun X wrote: Things can look perfectly black to the human eye even if they are not truly black because there is a lower limit for photons hitting the retina for it to register.
both an upper and lower frequency limit, and a photons per second limit in either retina (retinal signals are not additive).
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
22K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
9K
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
6K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K