Why is a rainbow curved and how does it appear from an airplane?

  • Context: High School 
  • Thread starter Thread starter venkat
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Rainbow
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion explores the phenomenon of rainbows, specifically addressing why they appear curved and how they might look from an airplane. It encompasses theoretical explanations related to optics and light refraction, as well as observational perspectives from different altitudes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the curvature of rainbows and their appearance from an airplane, suggesting a potential circular view.
  • Another participant proposes that the curvature is due to the angle at which sunlight is shining and how light is split by water droplets.
  • A third participant explains that rainbows are colored because water droplets act like prisms, and they appear curved due to the observer's angle. They reference an external source for further explanation.
  • A later reply details the optical processes involved, stating that a rainbow is an arc of a full circle surrounding the anti-solar point, with sunlight being double refracted in water droplets, leading to a circular arc with a radius of approximately 47.5 degrees.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present various explanations for the curvature of rainbows and their appearance from different perspectives, but no consensus is reached on a singular explanation or model.

Contextual Notes

Some explanations depend on specific assumptions about light behavior and observer position, and the discussion does not resolve the mathematical details of the optical processes involved.

venkat
Messages
29
Reaction score
0
WHY DOES A RAINBOW APPEAR CURVED?

AND HOW WOULD IT APPEAR FROM AN AEROPLANE( CIRCULAR?) AND WHY?
 
Science news on Phys.org
is it cause the way the sun is shining and the angle the light is split?
 
Rainbows are coloured because water droplets are like prisms, and it appears curved because of the angle at which you see it. For a proper explanation, check here:
http://van.hep.uiuc.edu/van/qa/section/Underwater_and_in_the_Air/Sky_and_Air/20010430083033.htm
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Refraction and the Rainbow

The rainbow is an arc of what would ideally be a full circle which surrounds the anti-solar point (the point exactly opposite to the sun in the sky - below the horizon of course during the daytime). In actual cases you usually only see a fragment of the whole circle, but it is still a circular arc, and that's why it's curved.

Sunlight is double refracted in a drop of water in a cloud. It is refracted going into the drop, is then internally reflected back and refracts again going out. This spreads the colors out more than a single refraction would. The dispersed beam then heads back roughly in the direction it came, that is toward the sun. If you want to see the rainbow you have to turn your back on the sun. IIRC the radius of the arc circle is 47.5o.
 

Similar threads

Replies
19
Views
3K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 22 ·
Replies
22
Views
12K
  • · Replies 27 ·
Replies
27
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
5K
  • · Replies 81 ·
3
Replies
81
Views
9K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 18 ·
Replies
18
Views
5K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
5K