Is the Textbook Solution for Simple Oscillator's x(t) Incorrect?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the correctness of the textbook solution for the position function x(t) of a simple harmonic oscillator at a specific time, particularly focusing on the implications of the negative sign in the solution provided. The scope includes theoretical aspects of simple oscillators and the interpretation of mathematical expressions in the context of oscillatory motion.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the textbook solution x(t) = -\frac {U}{\omega_0}sin(\omega_0t), arguing that at t = T/4, the position should be positive, suggesting a misunderstanding of the negative sign.
  • Another participant prompts for clarification on the definition of the coordinate system used in the problem, which may influence the interpretation of positive and negative values.
  • A participant emphasizes the importance of understanding what is meant by negative and positive in the context of the problem, indicating that the complete problem statement may be necessary for accurate interpretation.
  • One participant expresses confusion about the meaning of the negative sign in the context of displacement, suggesting that the textbook answer seems incorrect based on their understanding of sine functions and their values at specific points.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not appear to reach a consensus, as there are competing interpretations regarding the correctness of the textbook solution and the implications of the negative sign in the context of the oscillator's position.

Contextual Notes

Participants note potential limitations in the problem statement, including the need for a clear definition of the coordinate system and the implications of the negative sign in the mathematical expression.

cj
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At time t = T/2 the speed of a simple oscillator of angular frequency

[tex]\omega = \omega_0[/tex]

has maximum amplitude U and positive value.

Find x(t).

----------
The textbook answer for this problem is:

[tex]x(t) = -\frac {U}{\omega_0}sin(\omega_0t)[/tex]

where

[tex]U = \omega_0A}[/tex]
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This is confounding me.

For a simple sin solution (I'm assuming zero phase shift), wouldn't x at t = T/4 have to be positive, i.e.:

[tex]x = \frac {U}{\omega_0}[/tex]

and NOT negative (as given by the alleged solution):

[tex]x = -\frac {U}{\omega_0}[/tex]

Comments?
 
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What is the definition of the coordinate system?
 
Vertical axis = displacement (x), velocity (v) and acceleration (a).

Horizontal axis = time, t
 
I am trying to get you to think about the definition of what is meant by negative and positive. Have you given us the complete problem?
 
Integral said:
I am trying to get you to think about the definition of what is meant by negative and positive. Have you given us the complete problem?

Yes, the posted question and textbook answer (which I guess could be wrong) is verbatim.

Maybe I don't understand the meaning of the negative sign.

I'm imagining a displacement-speed-acceleration relationship as given in the graph at the top of the following linked page:

Sample

The bottom line is that if x(t) is as given by the textbook, it would clearly have a negative value (relative to the equilibrium position at t = T/4. This seems incorrect since even junior high school students understand that at t = T/4 the value for a sine function is clearly a maximum and clearly positive.

Right?
 

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