How Do You Calculate Thermodynamic Properties in Different Expansion Processes?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on calculating thermodynamic properties during reversible expansion processes involving helium and an ideal gas. For the adiabatic expansion of 2.5 moles of helium from 9L at 300K to 28L, the work done (W) can be derived using the integral of pressure with respect to volume, while heat (Q) is zero, leading to changes in internal energy (U) and enthalpy (H) being equal to W. In the isobaric expansion scenario, the work done (W) is calculated as -PΔV, with changes in internal energy and heat related through the specific heat capacities (Cv and Cp).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Ideal Gas Law
  • Familiarity with thermodynamic concepts such as internal energy and enthalpy
  • Knowledge of specific heat capacities (Cv and Cp) for ideal gases
  • Basic calculus for integrating pressure with respect to volume
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the adiabatic process equations for monatomic ideal gases
  • Learn about the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature in isobaric processes
  • Explore the concept of heat capacities (Cp and Cv) and their applications in thermodynamics
  • Practice solving problems involving work done in various thermodynamic processes
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in thermodynamics, mechanical engineers, and anyone involved in the study of gas behavior during expansion processes.

KKAK
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Hi all , I have 2 questions, I don't know how to derive the equations, please help.
Thank you.
1)A reversible adiabatic expansion of 2.5 moles or He from a volume 9L at 300K to a final volume of 28L.
Find work(W), heat(Q), internal energy(U) and enthalpy change(H) and final temperature. (He is a monatomic ideal gas)

2)A reversible isobaric expansion of an ideal gas from P1,V1,T1 to P1,V2,T2, assume Cv = 5/2nR
Find W, change in internal energy, Heat and enthalpy.

I know for #1 heat = 0, therefore delta U = W = integral P*dV, but I don't know since we don't know pressure , I don't know how to continue.

For #2, it is constant pressure, therefore W= -P*delta V
delta U = Q - (p*delta V)
Q = delta U + (p*delta V) = enthalpy
Am I right ? it looks so weird, I need some help thanks !
 
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1. Adiabatic work done, [itex]W = \int PdV[/itex]. But [itex]PV^{\gamma} = const, ~C[/itex] gives :

[tex]W = C~\int \frac{dV}{V^{\gamma}}[/tex]

Integrate that out, find P using the Ideal Gas Law, use the value of [itex]\gamma[/itex] for an ideal monoatomic gas, and hence find the value of the adiabatic constant C. Plug in values of C, Vf and Vi to find the work done.

2. For an isobaric process, Q is easily found. Recall what Cp is ?
 

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