Where Did I Go Wrong? Solving the 3D Hydrogen Atom

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the mathematical formulation of the spherical harmonic Y_{lm} for the 3D hydrogen atom. The formula presented is Y_{lm}(\theta,\phi) = \epsilon\sqrt{\frac{(2l+1)}{(4\pi)}}\sqrt{\frac{(l-|m|)!}{(l+|m|)!}}e^{im\phi}P^m_l(cos \theta), where the value of m ranges from -l to l. A critical point raised is the contradiction when m equals l, suggesting the wavefunction should be zero, yet the formula yields a finite value. The confusion arises from the interpretation of factorials, specifically that the factorial of zero is one, clarifying the apparent inconsistency.

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In solving the 3D hydrogen atom, we obtain a spherical harmonic, Y such that,
[tex]Y_{lm}(\theta,\phi) = \epsilon\sqrt{\frac{(2l+1)}{(4\pi)}}\sqrt{\frac{(l-|m|)!}{(l+|m|)!}}e^{im\phi}P^m_l(cos \theta)[/tex]
where [tex]\epsilon = (-1)^m[/tex] for [tex]m \geq 0[/tex] and [tex]\epsilon = 1[/tex] for [tex]m \leq 0[/tex].
In quantum, m = -l, -l+1, ..., l-1, l.
But according to the formula above, when m = l, we should have zero and not a finite value, since [tex]l - |m| = 0[/tex]. Which means the wavefunction should be zero when m = l.
Where did I go wrong?
 
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The factorial of 0 is 1. :)
 

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