Hi all,
A while back I set out to learn Calculus, but I quickly lost interest. I realize now that my problem was my failure to set a clear goal. I was just reading through chapters of online textbooks and doing exercises, but I never felt like I was getting any closer to anything. Sure, I was...
No, and I assumed that I could substitute a single letter twice. It phrases the axioms, as "[some formula including A B and C] for any formulas A, B, and C." It doesn't say anything like "for any unique formulas...".
If you have any experience with formal languages, do you think it would be...
I'm reading Introduction to Mathematical Logic gy by Vilnis Detlovs and Karlis Podnieks, and I'm confused about proofs.
In the book, it says that to prove directly you should find ways to substitute the hypoethesis formula(s) into one of the axiom schemas so that other formulas will be...