Graph reflections

[Mentallic]

I know how to take the reflection of a graph in the y=x line, or more formally, finding the inverse function. All I really do is switch the x and y variables in the function.

e.g. y=x^2, x=y^2

I tried taking the same idea and extending it to a reflection in the y=mx line, m constant. But I encountered problems as such:

Take the function y=(x+1)^2, reflect it in the line y=2x or x=y/2

I tried using the same idea as before, so I substitute all x and y variables as such and this is the result:

y=(x+1)^2 : 2x=(y/2+1)^2

But when I graph both functions, it doesn't look correct. The new 'reflected' function looks much too fat/shallow.
Could someone please explain what I'm doing wrong. Where is my logic flawed here?

[tiny-tim]

Hi Mentallic! :smile:

Your first transformation was

0 1
1 0

which is a reflection.

Your second transformation is

0 1/2
2 0

It leaves the line y = 2x invariant not because it is a reflection about that line, but because it is a reflection about y = x combined with a shear: :wink:

0 1
1 0

and

1/2 0
0 2

[Mentallic]

Oh no, matrices. My worst enemy! I tried to learn them off the Massechusetts (spelling) videos on youtube, but failed miserably after a few lectures.

Is it possible to extend this explanation into another form other than matrices?

[tiny-tim]

Oh no, matrices. My worst enemy! I tried to learn them off the Massechusetts (spelling) videos on youtube, but failed miserably after a few lectures.

Is it possible to extend this explanation into another form other than matrices?

ah … this is your chance to get a better understanding of matrices. :wink:

First, can you see that

3 0
0 3

is an expansion (everything gets 3 times bigger)?

Second,

3 0
0 1

stretches in the x-direction only (leaving the y coordinates the same),

and likewise

1 0
0 2

stretches in the y-direction only (leaving the x coordinates the same).

Finally,

3 0
0 2

is a shear, which stretches 3 times in the x-direction but only 2 times in the y-direction, and

0 3
2 0

is a reflection in the x = y line, combined with a shear.

Does that make sense? :smile:

[Mentallic]

Surprisingly, yes :bugeye:

But this is how I learnt (if you can even call it that) matrices:

Excuse me for not using latex, as I don't know how to create matrices...

[a c] [e]
[b d] [f]

Is equivalent to: ax+cy=e and bx+dy=f

Now, as for all the matrices you've shown, I don't know what they're supposed to mean when they don't have the second 'box' next to them.

i.e.

3 0
0 3

this is equivalent to 3x and 3y? It doesn't make sense to me when they're not expressed as functions.

[tiny-tim]

Excuse me for not using latex, as I don't know how to create matrices...

I do know how to :approve: …

but it takes so long I can't be bothered! :rolleyes:
But this is how I learnt (if you can even call it that) matrices:

[a c] [e]
[b d] [f]

Is equivalent to: ax+cy=e and bx+dy=f

Nooo, that should be:

[a c] [x] = [e]
[b d] [y] = [f]
Now, as for all the matrices you've shown, I don't know what they're supposed to mean when they don't have the second 'box' next to them.

i.e.

3 0
0 3

this is equivalent to 3x and 3y? It doesn't make sense to me when they're not expressed as functions.

[3 0]
[0 3]

is (in algebra) a set of instructions,

and (in geometry) a transformation,

and it means that if you put a vector next to it:

[3 0] [2]
[0 3] [3]

then it converts that vector to another vector:

[3 0] [2] = [6]
[0 3] [3] = [9]

and similarly

[0 3]
[2 0]

is the rule that converts as follows:

[0 3] [2] = [9]
[2 0] [3] = [4]

So when you write a matrix on its own, it's a rule (like a computer program),

and you can put any "input" vector next to it, and get an "output" vector. :smile:

[Mentallic]

omgosh :yuck:

Maybe I should go learn matrices for real this time... Be back in a bit after
i've acquired more knowledge on the topic :smile:

[Mentallic]

In one last attempt, I tried reflecting y=(x+1)^2 in the line y=4x
This case is slightly different since the line now intersects the parabola at one point (1,4) and when I tried the same thing I did previously:

So I plotted 4x=(\frac{y}{4}+1)^2 and this parabola intersected the the line at the same point, which is consistent with the features of other functions being reflected in the y=x line. I guess they don't look like the same because they have been sheared as you said tiny-tim :smile:

Still, I need to learn these matrices as they keep popping up in the most awkward places and catch me off-guard.