How Does Water Jet Force Affect Reservoir Pressure Calculations?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the force exerted on a reservoir with a hole, utilizing Bernoulli's principle. The user, gaugie, derived the force equation as F=2gAρ(h-h1), where A is the hole area, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h and h1 are the heights of the water surface and hole respectively. The additional force arises from the impulse of the water jet exiting the reservoir, confirming that the force is not solely due to pressure difference but also includes dynamic effects from the jet stream.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Bernoulli's principle in fluid dynamics
  • Knowledge of basic physics concepts such as pressure, force, and impulse
  • Familiarity with fluid properties, specifically water density (ρ)
  • Ability to perform calculations involving gravitational acceleration (g)
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  • Study the derivation of Bernoulli's equation in fluid mechanics
  • Learn about the implications of pressure differences in fluid systems
  • Explore the concept of impulse and momentum in fluid dynamics
  • Investigate real-world applications of water jet forces in engineering
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, engineers working with fluid systems, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of forces in reservoirs and fluid flow applications.

gaugie
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Homework Statement


A reservoir filled with water to a height h has a hole with area A on height h1 with h1 < h.
What is the force on the reservoir? I neglected the fact, that the height of the reservoir itself changes.

The Attempt at a Solution


I started with Bernoulli at the top and at the hole with p_a being the atmospheric pressure:
[tex]p_a + \rho g h =c[/tex] ...
[tex]p_a + \rho g h_1 +\frac{1}{2} \rho v_1 ^2 =c[/tex].
With this I get:
[tex]v_1 ^2 = 2g(h-h_1)[/tex]
Now I want the Force, with I being the impuls:
[tex]F=\frac{dI}{dt}=\frac{dV}{dt}\rho v_1=Av_1\rho v_1=A\rho v_1 ^2[/tex]
and therefore I get:
[tex]F=2gA\rho(h-h_1)[/tex]

I now would want to know, if this solution is correct and furthermore, why I can't just assume that the force is due to the lack of pressure on one side and therefore just the pressure on height h1 times area A on the opposite side, but rather get two times this force with my solution.
Thanks in advance,
gaugie

edit: the post should actually be in the "introductory physics" forum, but was accidentally postet here. I don't know, if it is appropriate here, otherwise please move the post.
 
Last edited:
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Yes your solution is correct.
The force due to pressure difference is ρgA(h-h1).
The additional force comes due to the impulse of water jet streaming out of the reservoir.
 

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