Can Animals Truly See in Black and White?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the question of whether animals can truly see in black and white or if they perceive colors differently than humans. Participants explore methods for testing animal color perception and the underlying biological mechanisms involved, including the types of cone cells present in the retina.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question the certainty of claims that animals see only in black and white and seek to understand how such conclusions can be tested experimentally.
  • One participant suggests a method involving conditioning animals to associate colors with rewards to determine their ability to perceive color differences.
  • Another participant notes that while humans have three types of cone pigments, most mammals are believed to have only two, implying a different color perception.
  • A participant raises the question of whether the presence or absence of cone cells in the retina could indicate the extent of color vision in animals.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of animal color perception, with no consensus reached on whether animals see in black and white or can perceive colors. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the methods for testing these perceptions and the implications of biological differences.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of specific examples or results from actual tests conducted on animal color perception, as well as assumptions about the capabilities of different species based on human vision.

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They say animals like cats, dogs etc.. don't see colors. Their world is in black and white. How on Earth can they be certain about this? How can one test this or even set up an experiment to test this and form a conclusion based and any of the results?
 
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One can make a test and reward them if they see the difference between colours.

But they do not see in black-white. Humans see in three colours. Most mammals see two colours.

I cannot give examples and results of actual tests being done.
 
Yes, take two colors whose intensities are the same, so that they would look the same in gray, and see whether you can condition the animals to associate food to one of the colors.

For instance: you make a button that can change color. When it is green the animal will get food, when it is red the animal won't get anything. The animal should learn to only push the button when it is green, when it does this it can see color.

You should ALSO do a control experiment, to make sure that the animal is able to learn such behaviour at all (otherwise you get false negatives). You make the button in two shades of grey. Assuming that the two contrasts are distinguishable for the animal, it should learn to only push the button when it is one of the shades.
 
Daevren said:
Humans see in three colours.
Not entirely correct, but it is true that we have three types of cone pigments: red-sensitive, green-sensitive and blue-sensitive. As you can see in the graph on this page http://science.howstuffworks.com/eye3.htm, the sensitivities of the pigments overlap: the eye can see almost any gradation of color between the peaks.
 
Do animals also lack cone cells in their retina? I'd think that would be a reasonable indicator.
 

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