Pressure and rate of nuclear decomposure

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the effects of pressure and heat within the Earth on the rate of nuclear decomposition, particularly in relation to radioactive elements like Uranium and Plutonium. Participants explore whether these conditions could influence geological dating methods and the stability of nuclear decay processes.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if high pressure and heat in the Earth's interior affect the rate of natural nuclear decomposition.
  • Another participant asserts that radioactive decay processes are unaffected by pressure and ordinary temperature, emphasizing that nuclear reactions involve high-energy gamma rays.
  • Some participants reference literature suggesting that while nuclear decay processes are generally independent of pressure and heat, chemical changes in rocks under such conditions can alter decay rates.
  • A participant expresses concern that if pressure and heat could affect nuclear decay, it might lead to incorrect geological age determinations.
  • Another participant argues that the conditions in the Earth's core are insufficient for nuclear fusion to occur, which would be necessary for simpler atoms to recombine into heavier radioactive elements.
  • One participant acknowledges that while pressure and heat can change the chemical composition of rocks, the implications for geological dating are minimal.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the influence of pressure and heat on nuclear decay rates and geological dating. While some assert that these factors do not affect decay processes, others suggest that chemical changes could have an impact. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the extent of these influences.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding the assumptions made about the independence of nuclear decay from external conditions and the specific conditions required for nuclear fusion. The references provided suggest a complexity in the relationship between chemical changes and nuclear decay rates.

SAZAR
Messages
200
Reaction score
0
Does pressure and enormous heat inside the Earth's bowel affect the rate of natural nuclear decomposure?

Let's bear in mind that we are talking about high pressures here; melted rocks along with radioactive elements (Uranium, Plutonium) - lava, deep inside Earth.

Were there any tests on this; is there any data about this; what do you say?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The radioactive decay processes are unaffected by by pressure and relatively ordinary temperature. Nuclear reactions typically involve gamma ray (harder than x-ray) energies.
 
OK.

...I asked that question because I wondered if that somehow can affect the data about the age of our planet. You know - if pressure and heat can affect nuclear decay time maybe data about it may be incorect. So - you say that it doesn't affect it, but...

---

Can pressure and heat cause nuclear fusion - so simplier atoms can recombine into some more complex, radioactive elements (so when you try to determine the age of it you get the data that leads you to a wrong conclusion)?
 
...Or, better yet, generally speaking: is there any way at all - known or yet not very known to science, for Earth to 'fool' the geologists trying to determine the age of stones?
 
SAZAR said:
Can pressure and heat cause nuclear fusion - so simplier atoms can recombine into some more complex, radioactive elements (so when you try to determine the age of it you get the data that leads you to a wrong conclusion)?
Short answer - NO! The pressures and temperatures are not high enough, even at the center of the earth.

The core is mostly Fe, and fusion of Fe to heavier elements requires conditions found in supernovae - which are much greater than the center of the earth.
 
OK
Thanks for the answer.
 
It's not a very common thing, but pressure and heat can change the chemical composition of rocks, and it's known that (contrary to popular belief) chemical changes can alter nuclear decay rates.

We had a discussion on the subject just a few days ago here on physicsforums:
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=78878

Here's a couple references from the literature:
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v15/i16/p680_1
http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO000093000011112501000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes

None of this would be enough to screw up the age of the planet, but it does show that nature is a danged comlicated thing.

Carl
 
Last edited by a moderator:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 0 ·
Replies
0
Views
1K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 21 ·
Replies
21
Views
3K
Replies
38
Views
8K
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 28 ·
Replies
28
Views
11K