Proton passes the Milky Way galaxy, find its energy?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the energy of a proton traveling across the Milky Way galaxy, which has a diameter of approximately 10^5 light-years. A participant attempts to use the equation v*5*60=(10^5)*3*(10^8)*[1-(v^2/c^2)] to determine the proton's speed, but struggles with the small value of v. Another participant clarifies that the equation should be vt=D/c/γ², where γ is the Lorentz factor, and corrects the misconception that photons have rest mass, emphasizing that the rest mass of a photon is zero.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity and Lorentz transformations
  • Familiarity with the concept of rest mass and energy-mass equivalence
  • Basic algebra skills for manipulating equations
  • Knowledge of the speed of light (c) and its significance in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Lorentz factor and its application in relativistic physics
  • Learn about energy calculations for particles using E=mc²
  • Explore the implications of massless particles in quantum physics
  • Investigate the concept of time dilation in special relativity
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Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focused on particle physics and relativistic mechanics, will benefit from this discussion.

asdf1
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for the following question:
In its own frame of reference, a proton takes 5min to cross the Milky Way galaxy, which is about 10^5 light-years in diameter.
What is the approximate energy of the proton in electronvolts?

my problem:
v*5*60=(10^5)*3*(10^8)*[1-(v^2/c^2)]
however, i can't calulate v on the calculator, because v is too small...
i was trying to use E=(1/2)mv^2, where m is the photon rest mass...
is that right?

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asdf1 said:
v*5*60=(10^5)*3*(10^8)*[1-(v^2/c^2)]

This looks like algebraic soup! Why, oh why, are you combining these quantities together in this way? From what equation are you working?

It looks like:

[tex]vt=\frac{Dc}{\gamma ^2}[/tex]

where [itex]v[/itex] is the proton speed in the galaxy frame, [itex]D[/itex] is the galactic radius in the galaxy frame, and [itex]t[/itex] is the travel time in the proton frame.
however, i can't calulate v on the calculator, because v is too small...
i was trying to use E=(1/2)mv^2, where m is the photon rest mass...
is that right?

No, it's not right. The photon rest mass is zero.
 
Last edited:

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