Understanding Capacitors: Why Removing One Affects the Net Charge on the Other

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of capacitors in parallel when one is removed from the circuit. Specifically, when two capacitors, C_A (2μF) and C_B (3μF), are connected in parallel to a 60V battery, removing capacitor B does not change the net charge on capacitor A. The net charge on capacitor A remains the same because it continues to experience the full voltage of the battery, and charge distribution is not affected by the removal of one capacitor. The fundamental principle at play is that capacitance (C) is defined as the ratio of charge (q) to voltage (V), expressed as C = q/V.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic capacitor theory and capacitance.
  • Familiarity with parallel circuits and voltage distribution.
  • Knowledge of the relationship between charge, capacitance, and voltage (C = q/V).
  • Basic algebra for manipulating equations related to electrical circuits.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of capacitance in parallel circuits.
  • Learn about the effects of removing components in electrical circuits.
  • Explore the concept of charge conservation in electrical systems.
  • Investigate the differences between series and parallel capacitor configurations.
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Students studying electrical engineering, educators teaching capacitor theory, and anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of circuit behavior involving capacitors.

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I had this question on a test I just took. I'm not really sure why I am wrong with my answer, and was just wondering if someone could give me a little more detail on it.

Here is the question:
Two capacitors are connected in parallel to a battery.
[tex]V_{bat} = 60V[/tex]
[tex]C_A=2\muF[/tex]
[tex]C_B=3\muF[/tex]

Suppose capacitor B were removed from the circuit. Does the net charge on the upper plate of capacitor A increase, decrease, or repain the same? Explain.


For my answer I put:
It increases. Since the charge is now moving to one capacitor, it will receive more charge b/c [tex]Q=Q_A+Q_B[/tex] which basically states that the charge is being "split" in some fashion between the two capacitors. Since [tex]Q_B[/tex] is removed, after a period of time [tex]Q_A[/tex] will increase.

The correct answer was that it will remain the same. I guess I was picturing the charge being split between the parallel connection. Now that one of them is gone, more charge will flow to the remaining capacitor. I guess the confusion with me rests in the "net charge" statement. What the hell does this mean? I understand that a parallel plate capacitor has a charge on the upper plate that is equal to the lower plate. Is this what the question is trying to ask (or is asking)?


Thanks in advance.
 
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Charge "builds up" on a capacitor plate according to the voltage across it. Thats the definition of capacitance: C = q/V , the ratio of charge per unit of potential.

If two capacitors are wired in parallel with a battery, they will both be put across the full potential difference of the battery. Take away one, and the other will still be across the full potential difference.
 
Ahh.. I guess I had a bad mental model in my head. The equation says it all... damn :(

[tex]Q= Q_1+Q_2[/tex] I think I pulled that out of my ass ? I must of had it confused with [tex]I=I_1+I_2[/tex] for the parallel combination. Thank you :smile: for the help.
 

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