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I'm not sure if there is a newer equation, there probably is one from riemman, but Gauss had a formula for approximating the number of primes up to any number x:
[tex]Li(x)=\int_0^x\frac{dt}{log(t)}[/tex]
You could compute this for 10100 and then for 10101 and subtract the first result from the second and it will give a good estimate.
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