What Are the Key Physics Experiments Shaping Our Understanding of the Universe?

[lkindr]

* I'm looking for a list of the major physics experiments on the internet that will show how the present understanding of electromagnetic radiation, sound, atomic and molecular structure etc came about.
* So far I've only found the following lists. Once I find a more complete list of the people who did the major experiments, then I hope to look through each one in more detail and try to get a summary of each. I'd appreciate if anyone can link me to more thorough lists - and sites with good summaries of the experiments would be nice too.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_experiments"
1. mechanics: Al-Khazini
2. rainbow: Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī
3. motion of rolling balls: Galileo Galilei
4. torsion: Henry Cavendish
5. double-slit light diffraction: Thomas Young
6. electricity & compass: Hans Christian Ørsted
7. heat: James Prescott Joule
8. sound: Christian Doppler
9. pendulum: Léon Foucault
10. magnet & voltage: Edwin Hall
11. aether: Michelson-Morley
12. radio waves: Guglielmo Marconi
13. cathode rays: J. J. Thomson
14. inertia & gravity: Roland von Eötvös
15. electric charge of oil drops: Robert Millikan
16. superconductivity: Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
17. atomic nucleus: Ernest Rutherford
18. gravitational lensing: Arthur Eddington
19. particle spin: Otto Stern and Walther Gerlach
20. atomic fission: Enrico Fermi
21. nuclear disintegration: John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton
22. nuclear reactor: Enrico Fermi
23. atomic bomb: The Manhattan Project
24. transistor: John Bardeen and Walter Brattain
25. neutrino: Clyde L. Cowan and Frederick Reines
26. time dilation: The Scout rocket
27. quantum entanglement: Alain Aspect
28. Bose-Einstein condensate: Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman

http://physics-animations.com/Physics/English/top_ref.htm"
30. Double-slit electron diffraction: Claus Jönsson
31. falling objects: Galileo Galilei
32. prism light spectrum: Isaac Newton
33. measurement of Earth's circumference: Eratosthenes

http://www.slideshare.net/kmitaksov/atomic-experiments-regular-fall07"

 

[lkindr]

* Well, I just found a list of physicists on Wikipedia at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physicists so that might be a good lead for me.
* Also a list of plasma physicists: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plasma_physicists

 

[lkindr]

* I found these in the Library section of this forum.
34. moment of inertia: Isaac Newton, Leonhard Euler, Jakob Steiner
35. pressure: Daniel Bernoulli
36. electric field: Michael Faraday, James Maxwell
37. momentum: Isaac Newton
38. Newton's second law: Isaac Newton
39. heat: Sadi Carnot, James Joule
40. impedance: Oliver Heaviside, Arthur Kennelly
41. voltage: Alessandro Volta
42. flux: Carl Friedrich Gauss
43. cooper pair: Leon Cooper
44. Feynman propagator: Richard Feynman
45. virtual particles: Richard Feynman, Gian-Carlo Wick, Freeman Dyson
46. mean value theorem: Parameshvara, Michel Rolle, Augustin Cauchy
47. free energy: St Albert of Cologne, Germain Hess, James Joule, Rudolf Clausius, Julius Thomsen, Marcellin Berthelot, Willard Gibbs, Hermann von Helmholtz

 

[pzona]

You might want to check out the Stern-Gerlach experiment (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern–Gerlach_experiment). It illustrates a lot of the basic quantum mechanical principles, in particular the deflection of particles and hence, physical interactions between particles.