Critical point exponents inequalities - The Rushbrooke inequality

In summary, the conversation is discussing the Rushbrooke inequality, which states that in a system undergoing a phase transition, the heat capacity at constant magnetic field (C_H) must be greater than or equal to a certain value. This value is determined by the temperature (T) and the squared change in magnetization (M) with respect to temperature (T) at constant magnetic field (H), divided by the susceptibility (chi_T). The conversation also mentions other relationships between critical exponents (alpha', beta, gamma') and how they relate to the inequality. The conversation ends with a discussion about the Helmholtz free energy (F) and its relationship to the inequality.
  • #1
LagrangeEuler
717
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The Rushbrooke inequality: [tex]H=0, T\rightarrow T_c^-[/tex]

[tex]C_H \geq \frac{T\{(\frac{\partial M}{\partial T})_H\}^2}{\chi_T}[/tex]
[tex]\epsilon=\frac{T-T_c}{T_c}[/tex]

[tex]C_H \sim (-\epsilon)^{-\alpha'}[/tex]
[tex]\chi_T \sim (-\epsilon)^{-\gamma'}[/tex]
[tex]M \sim (-\epsilon)^{\beta}[/tex]
[tex](\frac{\partial M}{\partial T})_H \sim (-\epsilon)^{\beta-1}[/tex]

[tex](-\epsilon)^{-\alpha'} \geq \frac{(-\epsilon)^{2\beta-2}}{(-\epsilon)^{-\gamma'}}[/tex]

and we get Rushbrooke inequality
[tex]\alpha'+2\beta+\gamma' \geq 2[/tex]
My only problem here is first step

[tex]C_H \geq \frac{T\{(\frac{\partial M}{\partial T})_H\}^2}{\chi_T}[/tex]
we get this from identity
[tex]\chi_T(C_H-C_M)=T\alpha_H^2[/tex]
But I don't know how?
 
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  • #2
Any idea?

Problem is with

[tex]\chi_T(C_H-C_M)=T\alpha^2_H[/tex]

from that relation we obtain

[tex]C_H=\frac{T\alpha^2_H}{\chi_T}+C_M[/tex]

So if [tex]C_M>0[/tex] than

[tex]C_H>\frac{T\alpha^2_H}{\chi_T}[/tex]

Equality is in the game if and only if [tex]C_M=0[/tex].

Or when [tex](\frac{\partial^2 F}{\partial T^2})_M=0[/tex]. Is that possible?

F is Helmholtz free energy. Can you tell me something more about that physically?
 

1. What is the Rushbrooke inequality?

The Rushbrooke inequality is a mathematical inequality that describes the relationship between critical point exponents in thermodynamics. It states that the sum of the critical point exponents for a given thermodynamic system must be greater than or equal to 1.

2. Why is the Rushbrooke inequality important?

The Rushbrooke inequality is important because it provides a theoretical limit on the possible values of critical point exponents. This allows scientists to identify and classify different types of phase transitions based on their critical point exponents.

3. How is the Rushbrooke inequality derived?

The Rushbrooke inequality is derived from the scaling hypothesis in statistical mechanics, which states that physical properties near a critical point can be described by a set of critical exponents. By examining the behavior of these exponents, the Rushbrooke inequality can be mathematically derived.

4. What are some real-world applications of the Rushbrooke inequality?

The Rushbrooke inequality has applications in a variety of fields, including material science, physics, and chemistry. It is used to study phase transitions in various systems, such as liquid-gas transitions in fluids and magnetic phase transitions in materials.

5. Are there any exceptions to the Rushbrooke inequality?

While the Rushbrooke inequality holds true for most phase transitions, there are some exceptions. These include first-order phase transitions, where the critical point exponents are not well-defined, and systems with long-range interactions, where the inequality does not apply.

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