Why do Neutron Stars have a Magnetic Field?

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SUMMARY

Neutron stars possess magnetic fields due to the presence of charged particles on their surfaces, despite being primarily composed of neutrons. The strong magnetic fields and rapid rotation of young neutron stars result from the contraction of the initial stellar core, which amplifies any existing magnetic fields through conservation of magnetic flux. Additionally, the conservation of angular momentum leads to the rapid rotation of the neutron star. This phenomenon is particularly evident in pulsars, which emit significant radiation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of neutron star composition and structure
  • Knowledge of magnetic fields and their generation
  • Familiarity with conservation laws in physics (angular momentum and magnetic flux)
  • Basic concepts of stellar evolution and core contraction
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of pulsars and their radiation mechanisms
  • Study the conservation of angular momentum in astrophysical contexts
  • Explore the relationship between stellar core contraction and magnetic field amplification
  • Investigate the composition and behavior of neutron stars in greater detail
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and educators interested in stellar physics and the characteristics of neutron stars.

axel65
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We were having a little chat in my physics lesson about neutron stars for our A level course, and nobody really understood why neutron stars have a magnetic field if they are consist of neutrons, which are obviously neutral charge. We thought that you needed charged particles to create a magnetic field?

Alex Gawthrope
 
Astronomy news on Phys.org
A neutron star is actually not composed entirely of neutrons. On the surface, in particular, charged particles are abundant, producing a great deal of radiation in the case of pulsars. The strong magnetic fields and rapid rotation of young neutron stars both arise from the contraction of the initial stellar core. A small rotation rate for the core will, by conservation of angular momentum, result in a rapidly rotating neutron star. Similarly, a small magnetic field in the stellar core will be greatly amplified by conservation of magnetic flux during the contraction.
 
Thank you, I'll let the class know on Monday.
 

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