Why do we believe ultra high energy cosmic rays come from supernovae?

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SUMMARY

Ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic rays, defined as those exceeding approximately 1018 eV, are primarily believed to originate from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) rather than supernovae. Research from the University of Utah's Hi-Res group indicates that supernovae lack the necessary energy to accelerate particles to UHE levels. However, a connection has been established between long-duration GRBs and supernovae, suggesting a complex relationship in cosmic ray origins. Current studies continue to explore these dynamics and the implications for astrophysics.

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Why is it that we think ultra high energy cosmic rays are emitted from supernovae.
 
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Welcome to Physics Forums physics_illiterate!

Do you have a link to a document which discusses ultra-high energy (UHE)* cosmic rays (CR) being emitted from supernovae? http://www.physics.adelaide.edu.au/astrophysics/cr_new.html from the University of Utah's Hi-Res group both state that supernovae are unlikely to be sources of UHE CRs; e.g. (from the second source) "However, it is difficult to explain the existence of cosmic rays above 1018 eV, because supernovae are simply not large enough to maintain acceleration to the UHE regime."

However, the huge energies generated in gamma ray bursts (GRB) suggested to many that they might be a source of UHE CR. Recently, the link between at least some "long duration" GRBs and supernovae was established.

http://ws2004.ift.uni.wroc.pl/Lectures/Lipari/SECOND.PDF give a flavour of some current work and thinking.

*the term "ultra-high energy" here means above ~1018 eV.
 
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