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That makes sense. Comparing a model’s predictions with experimental results gives a practical way to judge whether its assumptions are...

That’s an interesting point about choosing approximations based on the problem rather than trying to include every possible factor. The...

That’s a good example of how the purpose of a model affects how much simplification is acceptable. Ignoring air resistance works well...

Physics often uses simplified models to explain real-world behaviour. These models can make complicated systems easier to understand...

Thanks for pointing that out. This was intended as a general question about measuring energy conversion efficiency, rather than...

Thanks for clarifying. I see your point, efficiency is based on the useful output divided by the total input, so there’s no need to...

That makes sense. Measuring the total input and useful output seems much more practical than trying to quantify every individual loss...

Energy conversion looks straightforward in theory, but measuring efficiency in real systems can be challenging. How do you account for...

The checkpoint advice is especially useful. AI can save a lot of time, but keeping a working version to fall back on seems essential...

Thanks, that clarifies the distinction between scattering and absorption. An integrating sphere sounds like a useful way to compare...

I’m interested in the physics of light scattering in frosted plastic. Does a diffuser mainly redirect light, or does it also reduce the...

I've been trying to understand voltage drop in longer low-voltage LED circuits from a physics perspective. If the supply voltage is...

Welcome to PF. The efficiency and ultimate lifetime of an LED is dependent on the temperature of the junction during operation...

I've been looking into the relationship between temperature and LED efficiency, particularly with LED strip lighting. I understand that...