Recent content by renormalize

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    Ultramassive Black Star Cosmology: Quantum Phase Transition

    Welcome to Physics Forums, but note that this is not a forum to present, discuss, or seek comments on a personal theory that has not yet been published in a mainstream science journal. From the rules you agreed to follow when joining this forum: Speculative or Personal Theories: Physics Forums...
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    First steps with Feynman diagrams

    As @haushofer says, it's correct. Consider this example I found online, more or less at random: (https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9801260) Your drawing is diagram (e).
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    I would say instead that ##c## simply disappears by choosing uniform units, as I tried to explain in post #118. Please indulge me by pondering an exactly analogous situation in 3D that persists to this day in US sea navigation. American maritime vessels measure distance traveled in nautical...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    Yes, which in tensor notation in D-dimensions, just means to fully contract any given rank-k tensor with the D-dimensional Levi-Civita pseudo-tensor to get the rank (D-k) dual tensor. So in 3D, the dual of the rank-1 cross-product becomes a rank 3-1 = 2 antisymmetric tensor, and in 4D the dual...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    Yes, both tensors contain the same information (6 independent components) since one is just a rearrangment of the other. It's exactly analogous to the cross product ##\mathbf{c}=\mathbf{a}\times\mathbf{b}## of two vectors in 3D. Using tensor notation, the cross product is...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    But the constant speed-of-light ##c## is "dimensional" only because we humans have traditionally chosen to measure length and time in different units. Knowing as we do now about the unification of space and time into Minkowski spacetime, we might all simply agree to redefine the "speed" of an...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    You don't need curved spacetime (GR), only the flat Minkowski spacetime of SR. The relevant equation is simply ##c=1## in natural units. For example, think of astronomy: the distance to even nearby stars is huge by human standards, so astronomers (naturally!) measure distance in light-years...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    Nope, there is only one, unique maximum elevation angle in 3D geometry, namely ##\theta_{\bot}\,##, just like there's only one ##c##. The analogy ##c \Longleftrightarrow \theta_{\bot}## is one-to-one.
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    It's because ##c## is an inherent fixed characteristic of the geometry of 4D Minkowski spacetime. Consider this 3D spatial analogy: you stand on a flat 2D plane and decide to measure the angle ##\theta_{\bot}## of "straight up", the direction perpendicular to the plane. Depending on the units of...
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    High School What Medium Does Light Travel Through in Space?

    Nothing! It's a postulate (but well-founded on empirical evidence!) that our (local) universe is a 4D Minkowski spacetime with an inherent limiting velocity ##c## (which can be set to 1 in appropriate units) that converts units of time-interval to units of space-interval. The specific numerical...
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    Undergrad How does a cloud chamber respond to 2-slit interference?

    I think that's inconsistent with Mott scattering. At the first encounter of the charged particle with a vapor molecule something has to define the forward-direction of that first scattering. What is that something if not the direction of the probability flux? But is that a problem? Doesn't the...
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    Why does the movement of electrons create fields?

    Actually, both the electric and magnetic fields are on the same footing as part of the Maxwell's "unified" electromagnetism. Any asymmetry between them springs from the empirical fact that we observe localized sources of the electric field (i.e., electric charges) but no analogous sources for...
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    Undergrad How does a cloud chamber respond to 2-slit interference?

    Yes it's supported, but only implicitly in the QM textbooks of which I'm aware. Consider, for example, this excerpt from chap. 5 of Quantum Mechanics (2nd ed.) by R. Shankar: Now suppose that the mentioned "particle detector" is specifically a cloud chamber. Then to "trigger" means "a linear...
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    Undergrad LHC To Announce Its Lepton Universality Violation Results On Tuesday (20-Dec-2022)

    Given the abundance of empirical evidence for finite light-speed, what does this statement even mean?