How directional is a single photon?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the directional properties of a single photon, particularly in the context of quantum mechanics (QM) and its implications for momentum and propagation. Participants explore how a photon's directionality is defined during interactions and the nature of its behavior when passing through apertures or reflecting off surfaces.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that a photon's momentum vector indicates its direction of propagation but also interacts with particles off its axis.
  • Others argue that when a photon passes through a pinhole, it exhibits spherical wave behavior, suggesting equal probability in all directions.
  • There is a discussion about how the direction of a photon is defined at the moment of interaction with a target, with some questioning the validity of extrapolating direction from impact points.
  • Some participants express skepticism about ascribing classical properties like 'propagation' to photons in QM, suggesting that such properties should only be considered upon observation.
  • Questions arise regarding the implications of momentum conservation and whether a photon's momentum must align with its origin position, with some suggesting that they are independent variables.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the nature of a photon's directionality and its implications in quantum mechanics. Multiple competing views are presented, particularly regarding the relationship between momentum, direction, and observation.

Contextual Notes

Limitations in the discussion include unresolved assumptions about the definitions of direction and momentum in quantum mechanics, as well as the implications of experimental setups like the double slit experiment.

intervoxel
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A photon's momentum vector points in the direction of its propagation but interacts with particles off its axis. How this directional preference is revealed by QM? Is there an ontological picture of the photon's propagation?
 
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intervoxel said:
A photon's momentum vector points in the direction of its propagation but interacts with particles off its axis.

Why do you say that?

Thanks
Bill
 
A photon may have a definite momentum direction (plane wave) bur when it passes thru a pinhole, the wave becomes spherical.
Then every direction have the same probability.
 
bhobba said:
Why do you say that?

Thanks
Bill
O.k., so this is not the case since the direction is defined at the moment of the interaction with the target (or if the recoiled source hits something) and the consequent simultenous definition of the recoil direction of the source by entaglement, right? My question remains though: how reflection is possible or how hits on one side of the mirror are privileged?
Hope this reply makes sense :)
 
intervoxel said:
O.k., so this is not the case since the direction is defined at the moment of the interaction with the target (or if the recoiled source hits something)

Why do you think you can extrapolate a direction from where it hits a target - think about the double slit - with both slits open you can't say which slit it went through or what direction it had - indeed even if it had the property of direction.

Why do you think a photon has the classical property of 'propagation'?

In QM its much better not to ascribe properties like propagation etc except when observed.

Thanks
Bill
 
intervoxel said:
My question remains though: how reflection is possible or how hits on one side of the mirror are privileged?
See Feynman - QED Strange Theory Of Light And Matter.

Thanks
Bill
 
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bhobba said:
Why do you think you can extrapolate a direction from where it hits a target - think about the double slit - with both slits open you can't say which slit it went through or what direction it had - indeed even if it had the property of direction.

Why do you think a photon has the classical property of 'propagation'?

In QM its much better not to ascribe properties like propagation etc except when observed.

Thanks
Bill
So you mean that, when observed, the received photon's momentum does not necessarily has to be aligned with the photon's origin position? It could be pointing for example at an angle of 90 degrees?

I suppose that for many photons most of received momentum is aligned so light sailing is possible.
 
intervoxel said:
So you mean that, when observed, the received photon's momentum does not necessarily has to be aligned with the photon's origin position? It could be pointing for example at an angle of 90 degrees?
Did you follow through on Bhobba's suggestion that you find and read Feynman's book? If not, do so.
 
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intervoxel said:
So you mean that, when observed, the received photon's momentum does not necessarily has to be aligned with the photon's origin position? It could be pointing for example at an angle of 90 degrees?

Momentum aligned with position?

They are independent variables.

Thanks
Bill
 
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I think that his question is about the conservation of the momentum.
 
  • #11
naima said:
I think that his question is about the conservation of the momentum.

The very essence of QM is all you can predict is averages and momentum conservation is preserved on the average.

Why exactly is that an issue?

Thanks
Bill
 

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