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how do i show that a markov chain is irreducible?
To demonstrate that a Markov chain is irreducible, one must establish that for every pair of states (r, s), there exists an integer t such that the transition probability p[r, s, t] is greater than 0. This means that it is possible to reach state s from state r in a finite number of steps. The concept of irreducibility is crucial in the study of Markov chains, as it ensures that all states communicate with each other.
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