Low-noise Amplifier for a sensitive radio receiver

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the design of a low-noise amplifier (LNA) for a sensitive radio receiver, focusing on key noise sources at the transistor level, the impact of different LNA topologies on noise figure and gain, and the trade-offs in optimizing these parameters. It also touches on practical considerations in circuit design and isolation techniques in PCBAs.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about key noise sources to consider at the transistor level, such as thermal noise, shot noise, and flicker noise.
  • Another participant questions the necessity of designing an LNA when commercial options are available, prompting a discussion on the frequency band and specific application requirements.
  • A participant emphasizes the importance of isolating different parts of radio circuits on PCBAs to prevent noise coupling, asking about the receiver sensitivity level and techniques like "Star Grounding."
  • There is a query regarding the choice of inductive degeneration for common source operation, suggesting a focus on impedance matching to optimize noise figure.
  • A later reply mentions the significance of matching source impedance to the transistor input impedance and refers to the Smith chart noise figure circles for optimization.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether to design an LNA or purchase one, and there is no consensus on the optimal topology or specific design techniques, indicating multiple competing perspectives remain in the discussion.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include potential missing assumptions about the specific application and frequency requirements, as well as unresolved details regarding the design process and trade-offs involved in optimizing noise figure and gain.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for individuals interested in low-noise amplifier design, radio receiver sensitivity, and PCB layout techniques in sensitive electronic applications.

WonderNomad
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I'm designing a low-noise amplifier (LNA) for a sensitive radio receiver. What are the key noise sources I need to consider at the transistor level (e.g., thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise)? How do different LNA topologies (e.g., common-source, common-gate, common-drain with inductive degeneration) impact the overall noise figure and gain? What are the trade-offs involved in optimizing these parameters?
 
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In addition to the buy-vs-build question asked by @Baluncore -- do you have experience designing PCBAs with sensitive radio circuits? What is the application? Will there be digital electronics on the same PCBA? It is *extremely* important to isolate different parts of radio circuits on PCBAs to avoid coupling of noise between sections via shared impedances (like power supply and ground impedance). Are you familiar with techniques such as "Star Grounding" to achieve such isolation?

Also, what level of receiver sensitivity (in dBm) are you shooting for? https://www.repeater-builder.com/tech-info/measuring-sensitivity/measuring-sensitivity.html
 
I was wondering why you have chosen inductive degeneration for common source operation?
 
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It’s all about matching the source impedance to the transistor input impedance that optimizes its noise figure. Pay attention to the Smith chart noise figure circles on the device data sheet.
 

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