Problem in Eigensystem in Mathematica

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SUMMARY

In Mathematica, users can compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices using the Eigensystem function. In this discussion, a user named Marcus encounters an issue with the output of eigenvalues, specifically with the notation involving Root and the symbols # and &. The command used is: Assuming[t ∈ Reals, Assuming[U ∈ Reals, Eigensystem[MATRIXNAME]]]. The symbols # and & represent pure functions in Mathematica, while Root[expression, 1] indicates the first root of the polynomial defined by the expression.

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  • Understanding of linear algebra concepts, specifically eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
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NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the Mathematica documentation on Eigensystem for advanced usage.
  • Learn about pure functions in Mathematica, specifically the use of # and &.
  • Research the Root function in Mathematica and its applications in polynomial equations.
  • Investigate symbolic computation techniques in Mathematica for handling complex expressions.
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Mathematics students, researchers in computational mathematics, and anyone using Mathematica for linear algebra problems will benefit from this discussion.

mvww
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Hello.
In Mathematica, I'm trying to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a 10x10 matrices that is diagonalizable for sure.
The matrix ix:
{{0, 0, 0, 0, -2 t, -2 t, -2 t, -2 t, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, -t, t, -t,
t, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 2 U, 0, -t, t, -t, t, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 2 U, -2 t,
2 t, -2 t, 2 t, 0, 0}, {-Sqrt[2] t, -t, -t, -Sqrt[2] t, U, 0, 0,
0, -t, -t}, {-Sqrt[2] t, t, t, Sqrt[2] t, 0, U, 0,
0, -t, -t}, {-Sqrt[2] t, -t, -t, -Sqrt[2] t, 0, 0, U,
0, -t, -t}, {-Sqrt[2] t, t, t, Sqrt[2] t, 0, 0, 0, U, -t, -t}, {0,
0, 0, 0, -t, -t, -t, -t, U, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, -t, -t, -t, -t, 0, U}}
where t and U are both Reals.

The command I use is: Assuming[t \[Element] Reals,
Assuming[U \[Element] Reals, Eigensystem[MATRIXNAME]]]

I'm getting some symbols that I don't know. For example, one of the eigenvalues is:
Root[8 t^2 U - 8 t^2 #1 - 8 Sqrt[2] t^2 #1 + 2 U^2 #1 -
3 U #1^2 + #1^3 &, 1]
What are these # and &? What does mean "Root[expression, 1]" ?

Regards,
Marcus.
 
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