Wien's law and black body emition

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    Black body Body Law
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around Wien's law and its implications for black body emission, particularly in the context of how the Earth's atmosphere interacts with different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. Participants explore the effects of atmospheric absorption on the observed peak wavelength and temperature of black bodies, such as stars.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether the Earth's atmosphere absorbs shorter wavelengths, causing the peak to shift to larger wavelengths, making black bodies appear cooler, or if it absorbs longer wavelengths, shifting the peak to shorter wavelengths and making them seem hotter.
  • Another participant asserts that the peak does not shift, arguing that absorbed frequencies simply become less present in the spectrum, which deviates from a perfect black-body spectrum.
  • A different participant contends that the peak wavelength does shift according to Wien's law, suggesting that the observed temperature of stars from Earth is affected by atmospheric absorption, although the specifics of which wavelengths are absorbed remain uncertain.
  • It is mentioned that the effect of atmospheric absorption can vary depending on the wavelength being considered, such as UV versus infrared.
  • A request is made for references or quotes to support claims made about the topic.
  • A later reply provides information about the Earth's atmosphere being opaque to UV radiation and more transparent in the infrared, indicating the complexity of the absorption spectrum and its implications for observed black body emissions.
  • There is an acknowledgment that astronomers have developed techniques to account for atmospheric absorption effects in their observations.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the peak wavelength shifts due to atmospheric absorption, with no consensus reached on the matter. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific effects of atmospheric absorption on black body emission.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the discussion involves assumptions about the nature of atmospheric absorption and its impact on observed spectra, which may depend on specific conditions and definitions.

Gabokappa
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Hi i was just wondering you when black bodies emit all spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. Now are atmosphere absorbs a particular part, therefore the peak wavelength and temperature appear to be different according to the rules of wiens law. Now does Earth atmosphere absorb Shorter wavelengths so that the peak shifts to the larger wavelength there fore black body say like a su appear cooler, or does the atmosphere absorb the longer waves, there fore peak shifts to the shorter waves and seems hotter?
 
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The peak doesn't shift.

If some frequencies are absorbed, they just aren't present in the spectrum any more (or their intensities are lower), and so the spectrum is not perfect black-body any more.
 
James R said:
The peak doesn't shift.

If some frequencies are absorbed, they just aren't present in the spectrum any more (or their intensities are lower), and so the spectrum is not perfect black-body any more.

No the peak does shift i read it in various places. Its slightly different then absorption lines. The peak wavelength in the wiens law equation shifts. And its due to this shift that stars when observed from Earth have a slightly different temperature. But it depends which wavelengths the atmosphere absorbs. Thats what I am not sure about
 
apparently it happens both ways, depends what wavelength your looking at say UV and infra red
 
Can you quote the relevant parts of your references, or link to them, or at least say what they are?
 
A belated welcome to Physics Forums, Gabokappa!

The Earth's atmosphere is opaque to UV (we could make a more precise statement, e.g. plot the absorption as a function of wavelength), and more or less transparent into the IR, except for various bands due to absorption by water, etc (again, we could make this a more precise statement).

It is relatively straight-forward to work out what the observed spectrum of a blackbody - beyond the Earth's atmosphere - would be like, i.e. taking account of the absorption of the atmosphere. We could even plot this as a function of the temperature of the blackbody.

Astronomers have been aware of these factors for decades, if not centuries, and have developed quite sophisticated techniques for removing the effects of atmospheric absorption from the data they take from the instruments attached to their telescopes.

Do you have a particular aspect of this topic you are interested in, Gabokappa?
 

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