Calculating Distance with Latitude and Vectors

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the distance between two cities using their latitude and longitude coordinates, specifically focusing on the concept of displacement vectors in a three-dimensional space.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore methods for finding the magnitude of a displacement vector, including vector subtraction and conversion of polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates. Questions arise about the necessity of using x-y-z coordinates and how to perform the conversion from latitude and longitude.

Discussion Status

Some participants have suggested using vector subtraction and converting coordinates, while others are seeking clarification on the conversion process and the dimensionality of the coordinates needed. Multiple interpretations of the problem are being explored, particularly regarding the coordinate systems involved.

Contextual Notes

There is a focus on the Earth's radius as a constant in the calculations, and participants are discussing the implications of representing locations on a spherical surface in Cartesian coordinates. The original poster's question indicates a need for further understanding of the conversion process.

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If you are given latitudes and longitudes of two cities and you want to find the magnitude of the displacement vector, how would you find the distance? Would you have to use the scalar product?

Thanks
 
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The most straight forward way is vector subtraction.

The magnitude of both vectors is the radius of the Earth. The latitude and longitude give you the other two polar coordinates needed to define each location's position vector. Convert the polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates (ijk coordinates) by projecting the magnitude onto the x, y, and z axis, and do the vector subtraction.
 
So if the question is: A man flies from Washington to Manilla. Find the magnitude of the displacement vector if the latitudes and longitudes are: 36 N, 70 E, 121 N, 56 W. You would have to convert the latitudes and longitudes into x-y coordinates? How would you do that?

Thanks
 
courtrigrad said:
So if the question is: A man flies from Washington to Manilla. Find the magnitude of the displacement vector if the latitudes and longitudes are: 36 N, 70 E, 121 N, 56 W. You would have to convert the latitudes and longitudes into x-y coordinates? How would you do that?

Thanks
It's not just x-y coordinates; it's x-y-z coordinates that you need. The cities are on the surface of the earth, so they are one Earth's radius from its center. Lattitude and longitude give you the rest of the information you need to express the postions of the cities in terms of x-y-z

http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~pbourke/projection/coords/

Then use the distance formula in cartesian coordinates to find the magnitude of the displacement.
 
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