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Like Astronuc said, the coefficients for the bends and restrictions are a method of calculating an equivalent straight run length of pipe that would provide the same energy loss as the fitting. If you look at post #3 in the thread you referenced you will see that they are summed up. That same post also shows the end result of the equation used. It is a modified form of the Bernoulli equation to provide loss terms for frictional effects.
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