Creation of heavy elements: r and s process

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the r-process and s-process in nucleosynthesis, specifically focusing on the origins of neutrons necessary for the r-process to occur. Participants explore the conditions and environments that facilitate neutron capture and the production of heavy elements.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the source of neutrons needed for the r-process, noting that the time between neutron captures must be shorter than the average beta decay half-life.
  • Another participant suggests that neutrons can originate from certain fusion reactions of light isotopes and spallation reactions in heavier nuclides.
  • A later reply emphasizes the importance of environments like supernovae, particularly core-collapse supernovae, in providing a "neutron-rich" setting for the r-process.
  • One participant references a link that discusses the role of ionized hydrogen atoms and free electrons in stellar environments, although the relevance to neutron production is not explicitly clarified.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express curiosity about the sources of neutrons for the r-process, with some suggesting specific reactions while others highlight the importance of certain astrophysical environments. There is no consensus on the exact mechanisms or conditions involved.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the conditions necessary for neutron capture and the environments conducive to the r-process, but these assumptions are not fully explored or resolved.

Who May Find This Useful

Students and researchers interested in nucleosynthesis, astrophysics, and the formation of heavy elements may find this discussion relevant.

Gideon
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Hi, I'm studying my astronomy course at the moment and i have question about the r- and s-process. As I understand it, in the r-process, the time between capturing two neutrons is shorter than the averge beta decay half life, right? So I'm guessing there have to be a lot of neutrons around for the r process to take place. But where do all these neutrons come from?
 
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Gideon said:
Hi, I'm studying my astronomy course at the moment and i have question about the r- and s-process. As I understand it, in the r-process, the time between capturing two neutrons is shorter than the averge beta decay half life, right? So I'm guessing there have to be a lot of neutrons around for the r process to take place. But where do all these neutrons come from?
It is mostly ionized H atoms, simply protons, among free electrons (=plasma) that gets the stars going in the core. See mainly pages 3-5 of this link:

http://www.genesismission.org/educate/scimodule/SunandSolar/Final%20Linked%20SSW/6AppendicesCari/a.pdf
 
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Welcome to Physics Forums, Gideon!

Others have already answered your question, in one sense; perhaps (however) you meant something like 'in what environments are such floods of neutrons likely to occur?'

Supernovae, of the core collapse kind - can you now find out why such environments are expected to be so 'neutron-rich'?
 

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