A proof of operators in exponentials

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves proving a relationship between exponentials of operators, specifically showing that e^A e^B can be expressed in terms of e^(A+B) and a commutator term, given certain commutation relations. The subject area pertains to operator algebra in quantum mechanics or mathematical physics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss various methods for approaching the proof, including the use of Taylor expansions and the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formula. Some express uncertainty about the appropriateness of using the BCH formula in this context.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with some participants providing potential solutions and others questioning the validity of certain approaches. There is a recognition of different strategies, including one participant referencing a book that offers an alternative method without using the BCH formula.

Contextual Notes

There is a mention of specific commutation relations that are assumed, and participants are navigating the implications of these assumptions on their approaches. The original poster expresses a desire to work through the problem independently while seeking guidance.

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Homework Statement


Assume C=[A,B]≠0 and [C,A]=[C,B]=0

Show
eAeB=eA+Be[itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex][A,B]


Homework Equations


All are given above.


The Attempt at a Solution


I recently did a similar problem (show eABe-A = B + [A,B] + [itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex][A,[A,b]]+...) by defining a function exABe-xA and doing a taylor expansion, so I thought this might be done similarly, but I have gotten nowhere with this approach. I would like to figure this out myself, so I am really looking for guidance/hints if anyone has any. It would be much appreciated
 
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So I think I figured it out, but I would appreciate input on whether it is right or not.
start with:

eAeB = ex

Then, looking for x

x = log(eAeB)
Which can be found using the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formula

x = A + B + [itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex][A,B]
x = A + B + [itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex]C

Thus,
eAeB = eA+B + [itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex]

since C and A, and C and B commute, C and A+B commute,

eA+B + [itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex]=eA+Be[itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex]C

thus,
eAeB=eA+Be[itex]\frac{1}{2}[/itex][A,B]
 
It looks correct (except for the fact that you forgot to type the C in a couple of places), but are you sure you're allowed to use the BCH formula? I would have guessed that the point of the exercise is to prove a special case of it. (I haven't thought about how to do that).
 
I found a solution in a book. They don't use the BCH formula. Instead, their strategy is to prove that the maps
\begin{align}&t\mapsto e^{tA}e^{tB}e^{\frac{t^2}{2}[A,B]}\\
&t\mapsto e^{t(A+B)}
\end{align} satisfy the same differential equation and the same initial condition.
 

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