Are Input Photons #2 and #3 Still Entangled After Going Through a Beam Splitter?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the entanglement of photons after passing through a beam splitter, specifically focusing on whether input photons #2 and #3 remain entangled with each other or with their original partners after the interaction. The scope includes theoretical considerations of quantum entanglement and the effects of beam splitters on photon states.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes a scenario involving entangled photons and questions whether photons #2 and #3 remain entangled with each other or their original partners after passing through a beam splitter.
  • Another participant queries the implications of sending one photon from each entangled pair through a beam splitter and suggests that the individual behavior of the photons should be considered.
  • A different participant expresses uncertainty about the outcomes of the photon states after passing through the beam splitter and asks for clarification.
  • One participant points out that certain components were omitted in a previous state description, prompting a question about the reasoning behind this omission.
  • Another participant speculates that certain states may cancel each other out in the context of the discussion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the entanglement status of the photons after passing through the beam splitter, with no consensus reached on the implications of the beam splitter on their entanglement.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the specific outcomes of the photon states and the assumptions made about the interactions at the beam splitter, including the treatment of omitted components in the state descriptions.

StevieTNZ
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In regards to the attached image;

If the input photons were, for input b = photon #2, and for input c = photon #3, where:
photon #1 and #2, and #3 and #4 are entangled as |H>|V> + |V>|H>,

for the outputs:|H>(b’)|H>(b’) - |V>(b’)|V>(b’) + |H>(c’)|H>(c’) - |V>(c’)|V>(c’) + H(b’)|V>(c’) - |V>(b’)|H>(c’) (Not sure if I got the + and – signs correct?)

in the case of getting the outputs |H>(b’)|H>(b’) - |V>(b’)|V>(b’) + |H>(c’)|H>(c’) - |V>(c’)|V>(c’), would photons #2 and #3 be entangled with each other? Or would they remain entangled with their original partner?

So up until the actual detection of H(b’)|V>(c’) - |V>(b’)|H>(c’) (one specific bell-state) - or once that basis state is created when the photons entangle with the final detectors at the end output - the photons remain entangled with the original partner?

would the above be the same if photons #1 and #2, and #3 and #4 were entangled as |H>|V> - |V>|H>?
 

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You send one photon of each entangled pair through a (non-polarizing) beam splitter?
Why don't you get parts like H(b’)>|V(b’)>?

Why don't you look at each photon individually? If they are not entangled in some way, I would not expect anything special from using both at the same time.
 
mfb said:
You send one photon of each entangled pair through a (non-polarizing) beam splitter?
And they reach the beam splitter at zero delay.

Why don't you get parts like H(b’)>|V(b’)>?
Well, I don't know. Perhaps you can shed some light on this?
 
Well, you left them out in your state, and I ask why you did this.
 
My guess is they get canceled out.
 

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