Calculating Force to Topple a Round Table

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SUMMARY

To calculate the force necessary to topple a round table with a diameter of 30 inches and a thickness of 1.25 inches made from medium density fiberboard (MDF) with a density of 39 lbs/ft³, one must consider the table's three equidistant aluminum legs, which are 22.25 inches tall. The calculation involves determining the center of gravity and the force required to lift it above the pivot point formed by the legs. The legs are straight and positioned perpendicularly to the table top, which simplifies the analysis of the force needed to topple the table when weight is applied between two legs at the edge.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic physics principles, particularly torque and center of gravity.
  • Familiarity with material properties, specifically the density of MDF.
  • Knowledge of geometric calculations related to force distribution.
  • Basic skills in using algebra for solving equations related to force and distance.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of torque and how it applies to objects with multiple support points.
  • Learn about calculating the center of gravity for irregular shapes.
  • Explore the effects of different leg configurations on stability and toppling force.
  • Investigate practical experiments to measure the force required to topple various table designs.
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, physics students, furniture designers, and anyone interested in understanding the mechanics of stability and force application in furniture design.

kopplaw
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I am trying to determine how much force is necessary to make a round table topple over, or what information I need to make such a determination. The table is 30" in diameter and 1 1/4" thick, made from medium density fiberboard (MDF). The MDF has a density of 39 lbs/foot3. The table has three legs, equidistant from each other, placed at the edge of the table. The legs are made of aluminum, but I do not know their weight or exact size. The legs are 22 1/4" in height and are secured directly to the bottom of the table.

Is there a way of roughly calculating how much weight would be required to topple the table if the weight were placed precisely between two of the legs at the edge of the table?
 
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Are the legs straight or splayed, and if the latter, by how much? Maybe give the distance between the legs where they are fastened to the table and also where they sit on the floor. Then we can work up the shape that has to be toppled. Generally you can see what has to happen by lifting the table up by one leg and balancing it so its center of gravity is over the other two legs. You will have to lift its center of gravity to do that, and that will take work, i.e. force times the distance the center rises.
 
The legs are curved but the bottom of the leg touches the floor directly below the point where the top of the leg is attached to the table, as though the legs were perpendicular to the table top. Does that help?
 
I do not have a good working knowledge of physics yet. I tried to piece this together but after researching this, I couldn’t figure out the correct laws of physics to combine to develop a formula to answer this question. Ex. 1 - A moving object impacts a static object at a constant velocity. Ex. 2 - A moving object impacts a static object at the same velocity but is accelerating at the moment of impact. Assuming the mass of the objects is the same and the velocity at the moment of impact...

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