MHB Can a Matrix with Only 1s and -1s Have a Determinant Divisible by 2^(n-1)?

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    2015
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The discussion revolves around proving that the determinant of an n x n matrix with entries of only 1s and -1s is divisible by 2^(n-1). A correction was made to the problem statement, clarifying the requirement. Opalg provided a direct and elegant solution that does not rely on mathematical induction. The thread encourages participants to engage with the Problem of the Week and follow the provided guidelines for submissions. The focus remains on the mathematical proof and its implications for matrix theory.
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N.B. There has been a correction in this problem, thanks to Opalg. It should read correctly now.

Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ matrix whose entries are only $1$ or $-1$. Show that $2^{n-1}$ divides $\det(A)$.

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Remember to read the http://www.mathhelpboards.com/showthread.php?772-Problem-of-the-Week-%28POTW%29-Procedure-and-Guidelines to find out how to http://www.mathhelpboards.com/forms.php?do=form&fid=2!
 
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Congratulations to Opalg for his correct and, may I say, very elegant and direct solution, not even requiring mathematical induction! See the spoiler for his solution:

Solution using elementary row operations.

Let $B$ be the matrix obtained from $A$ by subtracting the top row from every other row. Then $\det(B) = \det(A).$ The top row of $B$ will consist of $\pm1$s. Each element of every other row will be of the form $\pm1 \pm 1$, so will be equal to $0$ or $\pm2$. So we can take a factor $2$ out of each of these $n-1$ rows, leaving a matrix $C$ in which every element is $0$ or $\pm1$. Then $\det( C)$ will be an integer, and $\det(A) = \det(B) = 2^{n-1}\det( C).$ So $\det(A)$ is a multiple of $2^{n-1}.$
 

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